Streptococcus pneumoniae: Description of the Pathogen, Disease Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant morbidity and mortality. Children younger than 2 years and individuals older than 65 years experience the highest rates of pneumococcal disease. Efforts to treat pneumococcal disease have been complicated by increasing resistance to antimicrobials. Prevent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmacotherapy 2005-09, Vol.25 (9), p.1193-1212
Main Authors: Bridy-Pappas, Angela E., Margolis, Marya B., Center, Kimberly J., Isaacman, Daniel J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Child
Child, Preschool
Clinical Trials as Topic
Community Pharmacy Services
Drug Administration Schedule
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Middle Aged
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
pneumococcal disease
Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control
pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage
Pneumococcal Vaccines - adverse effects
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae - pathogenicity
Virulence
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Summary:Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant morbidity and mortality. Children younger than 2 years and individuals older than 65 years experience the highest rates of pneumococcal disease. Efforts to treat pneumococcal disease have been complicated by increasing resistance to antimicrobials. Prevention efforts have included the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines and the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, with use of these vaccines targeted to those at highest risk for disease. Information and background on S. pneumoniae and pneumococcal disease are provided. Vaccines targeted at this pathogen are reviewed, and the clinical trials that evaluated their safety, efficacy, and effectiveness are summarized. Also provided are recommendations for use of these vaccines.
ISSN:0277-0008
1875-9114
DOI:10.1592/phco.2005.25.9.1193