Bone Filling Around Titanium Implants May Benefit From Smoking Cessation: A Histologic Study in Rats

Background: Although a harmful effect of smoking on titanium implants has been documented, only a few studies have investigated the benefits of smoking cessation. Thus, this study histologically investigated whether smoking cessation influences bone healing around titanium implants and comparatively...

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Published in:Journal of periodontology (1970) 2005-09, Vol.76 (9), p.1476-1481
Main Authors: César‐Neto, João B., Benatti, Bruno B., Sallum, Enilson A., Sallum, Antonio W., Nociti, Francisco H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal studies
Animals
bone and bones
Dental Implants
Dentistry
Male
osseointegration
Osteogenesis - physiology
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Smoking - adverse effects
Smoking Cessation
Titanium
wound healing
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Summary:Background: Although a harmful effect of smoking on titanium implants has been documented, only a few studies have investigated the benefits of smoking cessation. Thus, this study histologically investigated whether smoking cessation influences bone healing around titanium implants and comparatively evaluated temporary versus complete cessation protocols. Methods: Sixty‐six male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (N = 16); CSI, intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI) throughout the entire 150‐day experiment (N = 17); P‐CSI, CSI 83 days prior to implant placement (N = 17); or R‐CSI, CSI for 83 days, cessation 7 days before and 21 weeks after implant placement, and return to CSI for 39 days (N = 16). The animals were sacrificed and the degree of boneto‐ implant contact (BIC) and the bone area (BA) within the limits of the implant threads obtained for cortical (zone A) and cancellous bone (zone B). Results: Intergroup analysis (Kruskal‐Wallis test, α = 0.05) demonstrated a significant effect of CSI on BA (P 0.05) 88.91% ± 4.29%; 80.66% ± 6.55%; 84.27% ± 6.96%; 85.71% ± 4.7% in zone A, and 51.28% ± 6.49%; 38.69% ± 10.78%; 48.87% ± 8.47%; 49.47% ± 8.04%; in zone B for groups CTRL, CSI, P‐CSI, and R‐CSI, respectively. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present investigation, temporary and complete CSI cessation reversed the effect of smoke exposure on bone healing around titanium implants in both cortical and cancellous bone. J Periodontol 2005;76:1476‐1481.
ISSN:0022-3492
1943-3670
DOI:10.1902/jop.2005.76.9.1476