Early Assessment of Dementia: The Contribution of Different Memory Components

A broad memory test battery (reflecting explicit and implicit memory functioning) was administered to a heterogeneous sample of initially nondemented, community-dwelling elderly subjects. To examine the profile of preclinical dementia, subjects were tested twice: At baseline, all subjects were nonde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuropsychology 2005-09, Vol.19 (5), p.629-640
Main Authors: Spaan, Pauline E. J, Raaijmakers, Jeroen G. W, Jonker, Cees
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
Cognition Disorders - complications
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognitive Impairment
Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases
Dementia
Dementia - complications
Dementia - diagnosis
Demography
Discriminant Analysis
Explicit Memory
Female
Human
Humans
Implicit Memory
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Medical sciences
Memory - classification
Memory - physiology
Mental Status Schedule - statistics & numerical data
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Neurology
Neuropsychological Assessment
Neuropsychological Tests - statistics & numerical data
Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology
Predictive Value of Tests
Priming
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Recall (Learning)
Techniques and methods
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Description
Summary:A broad memory test battery (reflecting explicit and implicit memory functioning) was administered to a heterogeneous sample of initially nondemented, community-dwelling elderly subjects. To examine the profile of preclinical dementia, subjects were tested twice: At baseline, all subjects were nondemented according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994 ) criteria; 2 years later, a subgroup had developed dementia. Performance of the preclinically demented subjects was best characterized, relative to that of cognitively impaired subjects who did not develop dementia 2 years later, by an inability to benefit at recall from semantic relations and by absent repetition priming effects. The authors conclude that in addition to testing episodic memory functioning, it is important to be aware of semantic and implicit memory deficits in the early assessment of dementia.
ISSN:0894-4105
1931-1559
DOI:10.1037/0894-4105.19.5.629