Changes in monocyte functions of astronauts

As part of the systematic evaluation of the innate immune system for long duration missions, this study focused on the antimicrobial functions of monocytes in astronauts participating in spaceflight. The study included four space shuttle missions and 25 astronauts. Nine non-astronauts served as cont...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain, behavior, and immunity behavior, and immunity, 2005-11, Vol.19 (6), p.547-554
Main Authors: Kaur, Indreshpal, Simons, Elizabeth R., Castro, Victoria A., Ott, C. Mark, Pierson, Duane L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Adult
Aged
Astronauts
Epinephrine - blood
Escherichia coli
Female
Humans
Hydrocortisone - blood
Immune defense
Immune system
Leukocyte Count
Male
Microgravity
Middle Aged
Monocyte function
Monocytes
Monocytes - cytology
Monocytes - immunology
Monocytes - physiology
Norepinephrine - blood
Phagocytosis - immunology
Space Flight
Space life sciences
Spaceflight
Stress
Weightlessness
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Summary:As part of the systematic evaluation of the innate immune system for long duration missions, this study focused on the antimicrobial functions of monocytes in astronauts participating in spaceflight. The study included four space shuttle missions and 25 astronauts. Nine non-astronauts served as controls. Blood specimens were collected 10 days before launch, within 3 h after landing, and again 3 days after landing. The number of monocytes did not differ significantly over the interval sampled in both the astronaut or control groups. However, following 5–11 days of spaceflight, the astronauts’ monocytes exhibited reductions in ability to engulf Escherichia coli, elicit an oxidative burst, and degranulate. The phagocytic index was significantly reduced following spaceflight when compared to control values. This reduction in phagocytosis was accompanied by changes in the expression of two surface markers involved in phagocytosis, CD32 and CD64. Levels of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine after spaceflight did not increase over preflight values.
ISSN:0889-1591
1090-2139
DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2004.12.006