Natural history of cerebral vein thrombosis: a systematic review

Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) has been considered, until a few years ago, an uncommon disease with significant long-term morbidity and high mortality rate. New noninvasive diagnostic techniques have increased the frequency with which this disease is diagnosed; despite this, there continues to be li...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Blood 2006-08, Vol.108 (4), p.1129-1134
Main Authors: Dentali, Francesco, Gianni, Monica, Crowther, Mark A., Ageno, Walter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Diagnosis, Differential
Disease-Free Survival
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Hospital Mortality
Humans
Incidence
Intracranial Thrombosis - diagnosis
Intracranial Thrombosis - mortality
Intracranial Thrombosis - physiopathology
Male
Medical sciences
MEDLINE
Neurology
Prognosis
Recovery of Function
Recurrence
Risk Factors
Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system
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Summary:Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) has been considered, until a few years ago, an uncommon disease with significant long-term morbidity and high mortality rate. New noninvasive diagnostic techniques have increased the frequency with which this disease is diagnosed; despite this, there continues to be little data on its natural history. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the mortality rate, the rate of disability at long-term follow-up, and the incidence of recurrence after a first episode of CVT; to determine clinical and radiologic predictors of death and dependence; and to identify possible risk factors for recurrence. (Data source: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, reference lists of selected articles and authors' libraries.) Nineteen studies were identified. Mortality rate during peri-hospitalization period is 5.6% (range, 0%-15.2%) and 9.4% (range, 0%-39%) at the end of follow-up period. Eighty-eight percent of surviving patients recover completely or have only a mild functional or cognitive deficit. Two thirds of patients with CVT recanalized within the first few months after presentation, and 2.8% (range, 0%-11.7%) had objectively confirmed recurrence. We conclude that patients with CVT have a low risk of death and that most patients have a good long-term prognosis.
ISSN:0006-4971
1528-0020
DOI:10.1182/blood-2005-12-4795