Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activity of a novel quinolone, garenoxacin, against aerobic and anaerobic microbial isolates recovered from general, vascular, cardiothoracic and otolaryngologic surgical patients

• Published in: Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2005-11, Vol.56 (5), p.872-878
• Main Authors: Edmiston, Charles E., Krepel, Candace J., Kehl, Karen S., Seabrook, Gary R., Somberg, Lewis B., Almassi, G. Hossein, Smith, Timothy L., Loehrl, Todd A., Brown, Kellie R., Lewis, Brian D., Towne, Jonathan B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Aza Compounds - pharmacology; Bacteria, Aerobic - drug effects; Bacteria, Aerobic - isolation & purification; Bacteria, Anaerobic - drug effects; Bacteria, Anaerobic - isolation & purification; Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Bacteroides fragilis; Biological and medical sciences; Escherichia coli; Fluoroquinolones - pharmacology; Humans; Imipenem - pharmacology; in vitro susceptibility; Medical sciences; Metronidazole - pharmacology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; MICs; Penicillanic Acid - analogs & derivatives; Penicillanic Acid - pharmacology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Piperacillin - pharmacology; Quinolines - pharmacology; surgical infections
• ISSN: 0305-7453; 1460-2091
• DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki348

Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyse the susceptibility of unique and non-duplicate aerobic and anaerobic isolates from surgical patients to a novel des-F(6)-quinolone (garenoxacin) and other selected antimicrobial agents. Methods: Eleven hundred and eighty-five aerobic and anaerobic isolates from general, vascular, cardiothoracic and otolaryngologic surgical patients were tested for susceptibility to garenoxacin and seven other antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole) using the referenced microbroth and agar-dilution method. Results: Garenoxacin exhibited greater antimicrobial activity than comparator quinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and other antimicrobials when tested against selected Gram-positive organisms. The in vitro aerobic and anaerobic activity of garenoxacin was similar to that of moxifloxacin. All fluoroquinolones tested were effective against most Gram-negative facultative anaerobes including Escherichia coli. Garenoxacin and moxifloxacin demonstrated similar in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria such as members of the Bacteroides fragilis group. Overall, the in vitro activity of the advanced spectrum quinolones against anaerobic surgical isolates compared favourably with selected comparator agents, metronidazole, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. Conclusions: These findings suggest that 82.4% of aerobic surgical isolates were susceptible to a concentration of garenoxacin ≤1.0 mg/L, whereas 84.5% of the anaerobic isolates were susceptible to a garenoxacin concentration ≤1.0 mg/L. Garenoxacin may be a valuable surgical anti-infective for treatment of serious head and neck, soft tissue, intra-abdominal and diabetic foot infections.