The fatty acid profile of vegetative Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 : growth phase-dependence

Fatty acids of Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 were determined at various times during aerobic vegetative growth at 30 degrees C to provide baseline data for studying the effects of chemical agents on the organism's survival and fatty acid biosynthesis. Palmitate (16:0) was the highest at 36....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2005-09, Vol.68 (4), p.548-553
Main Authors: LARSEN, A, SLISKOVIC, I, JURIC, D, PINNOCK, C. L, KULLMAN, H, SEGSTRO, E, REINFELDS, G, EZE, M. O
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Azotobacter vinelandii
Azotobacter vinelandii - growth & development
Azotobacter vinelandii - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest
Biosynthesis
Biotechnology
Chemical agents
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - biosynthesis
Fatty Acids - isolation & purification
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - biosynthesis
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Miscellaneous
Mission oriented research
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Summary:Fatty acids of Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 were determined at various times during aerobic vegetative growth at 30 degrees C to provide baseline data for studying the effects of chemical agents on the organism's survival and fatty acid biosynthesis. Palmitate (16:0) was the highest at 36.7+/-4.3 mol% (mean+/-SD) after the first 5 h in fresh culture, decreasing slightly to 33.4+/-2.6 mol% at 49 h. The other fatty acids were therefore each normalized as a ratio of 16:0. At 5 h, as a ratio of 16:0, myristate (14:0) was 0.14+/-0.06, palmitoleate (16:1cDelta9-10) 0.13+/-0.06, oleate (18:1cDelta9-10) 0.21+/-0.12, cis-vaccenate (18:1cDelta11-12) 0.30+/-0.17 and stearate (18:0) 0.68+/-0.02. As the growth phase advanced to 49 h, 14:0 and 16:1cDelta9-10 increased, 18:1cDelta9-10 decreased and cis-vaccenate reciprocally increased, whereas 18:0 decreased. These suggest that the saturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathway yielded 16:0 and 18:0 in the 5-h lag period. By desaturation, 18:0 formed the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) 18:1cDelta9-10. As the culture aged, the anaerobic UFA biosynthesis pathway formed 16:1cDelta9-10, which was elongated to 18:1cDelta11-12. These fatty acid alterations represent a homeoviscous adaptation, modulating the microbe's membrane lipid viscosity for optimal cellular function.
ISSN:0175-7598
1432-0614
DOI:10.1007/s00253-005-1908-3