Social Participation and Employment Status after Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review

• Published in: Quality of life research 2006-08, Vol.15 (6), p.979-994
• Main Authors: van der Mei, Sijrike F., Krol, Boudien, van Son, Willem J., de Jong, Paul E., Groothoff, Johan W., van den Heuvel, Wim J. A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chronic kidney failure; Clinical and Policy Applications; Community participation; Dialysis; Employment; Employment - psychology; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Kidney Failure, Chronic - psychology; Kidney Failure, Chronic - surgery; Kidney transplantation; Kidney Transplantation - psychology; Kidney Transplantation - rehabilitation; Kidney transplants; Kidneys; Older people; Postoperative Period; Quality of life; Quality of Life - psychology; Questionnaires; Reproducibility of Results; Scope of employment; Social Facilitation; Studies; Systematic review; Time Factors; Transplantation
• ISSN: 0962-9343; 1573-2649
• DOI: 10.1007/s11136-006-0045-5

Objective: To summarize and assess literature regarding social participation of recipients after successful kidney transplantation. Methods: A systematic review including a literature search in Medline (1980-2003) and five other databases, and assessment of methodological quality of selected studies by two reviewers applying a checklist of twelve criteria. Results: Seventeen studies out of 1443 identified references were selected. Quality scores for internal validity ranged from 0% to 50% (median 20%). Employment was the most used indicator of social participation and two studies briefly reported on vocation and recreation. Employment rate ranged from 18% to 82%, however differences in defining categories of employment or lack of description were present. Study populations were heterogeneous with regard to demographic and clinical characteristics. Three studies identified pre-transplant employment status as predictor of post-transplant employment. Other potential risk factors were not consistent across studies. Conclusion: Measurement of social participation focuses mainly on employment status. Quality assessment revealed shortcomings in reporting and validity of studies, whereby valid conclusions regarding the degree of social participation after kidney transplantation cannot be drawn. Future research should supplement the focus on employment status by examining other aspects of social participation as well as potential risk factors.