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Lifetime Recreational Exercise Activity and Breast Cancer Risk Among Black Women and White Women
Background: Physical inactivity is a potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor. Because few data on this relationship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age-specific measures of recreational exercise activity among white wo...
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Published in: | JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2005-11, Vol.97 (22), p.1671-1679 |
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creator | Bernstein, Leslie Patel, Alpa V. Ursin, Giske Sullivan-Halley, Jane Press, Michael F. Deapen, Dennis Berlin, Jesse A. Daling, Janet R. McDonald, Jill A. Norman, Sandra A. Malone, Kathleen E. Strom, Brian L. Liff, Jonathan Folger, Suzanne G. Simon, Michael S. Burkman, Ronald T. Marchbanks, Polly A. Weiss, Linda K. Spirtas, Robert |
description | Background: Physical inactivity is a potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor. Because few data on this relationship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age-specific measures of recreational exercise activity among white women and among black women. Methods: The Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was a multicenter population-based case–control study of black women and white women aged 35–64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. We collected detailed histories of lifetime recreational exercise activity during in-person interviews with 4538 case patients with breast cancer (1605 black and 2933 white) and 4649 control subjects (1646 black and 3033 white). Control subjects were frequency-matched to case patients on age, race, and study site. We examined associations between exercise activity measures (metabolic equivalents of energy expenditure [MET]-hours per week per year) and breast cancer risk overall and among subgroups defined by race, other breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics by use of unconditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among all women, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with increased levels of lifetime exercise activity (e.g., average MET-hours per week per year, Ptrend = .002). An average annual lifetime exercise activity that was greater than the median level for active control subjects was associated with an approximately 20% lower risk of breast cancer, compared with that for inactivity (for 6.7–15.1 MET-hours/week/year, odds ratio [OR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71 to 0.93; for ≥15.2 MET-hours/week/year, OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.92). The inverse associations did not differ between black and white women (for MET-hours/week/year, Ptrend = .003 and Ptrend = .09, respectively; homogeneity of trends P = .16). No modification of risk was observed by disease stage, estrogen receptor status, or any breast cancer risk factor other than first-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: This study supports an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among black women and among white women. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jnci/dji374 |
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Because few data on this relationship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age-specific measures of recreational exercise activity among white women and among black women. Methods: The Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was a multicenter population-based case–control study of black women and white women aged 35–64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. We collected detailed histories of lifetime recreational exercise activity during in-person interviews with 4538 case patients with breast cancer (1605 black and 2933 white) and 4649 control subjects (1646 black and 3033 white). Control subjects were frequency-matched to case patients on age, race, and study site. We examined associations between exercise activity measures (metabolic equivalents of energy expenditure [MET]-hours per week per year) and breast cancer risk overall and among subgroups defined by race, other breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics by use of unconditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among all women, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with increased levels of lifetime exercise activity (e.g., average MET-hours per week per year, Ptrend = .002). An average annual lifetime exercise activity that was greater than the median level for active control subjects was associated with an approximately 20% lower risk of breast cancer, compared with that for inactivity (for 6.7–15.1 MET-hours/week/year, odds ratio [OR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71 to 0.93; for ≥15.2 MET-hours/week/year, OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.92). The inverse associations did not differ between black and white women (for MET-hours/week/year, Ptrend = .003 and Ptrend = .09, respectively; homogeneity of trends P = .16). No modification of risk was observed by disease stage, estrogen receptor status, or any breast cancer risk factor other than first-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: This study supports an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among black women and among white women.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8874</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2105</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dji374</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16288120</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JNCIEQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cary, NC: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans ; African Americans - statistics & numerical data ; Biological and medical sciences ; Breast cancer ; Breast Neoplasms - chemistry ; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms - genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Confidence Intervals ; European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data ; Exercise ; Female ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Health risk assessment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leisure Activities ; Logistic Models ; Mammary gland diseases ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Receptors, Estrogen - analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Risk factors ; SEER Program ; Time Factors ; Tumors ; United States - epidemiology ; White people ; Women</subject><ispartof>JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2005-11, Vol.97 (22), p.1671-1679</ispartof><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Nov 16, 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-38f1e661601077364cd8d77f0cbe135ac42507c26a374529ff6bd6a8344d1d123</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-38f1e661601077364cd8d77f0cbe135ac42507c26a374529ff6bd6a8344d1d123</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17303484$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16288120$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bernstein, Leslie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Alpa V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ursin, Giske</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan-Halley, Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Press, Michael F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deapen, Dennis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berlin, Jesse A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daling, Janet R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Jill A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norman, Sandra A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malone, Kathleen E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strom, Brian L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liff, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Folger, Suzanne G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simon, Michael S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkman, Ronald T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marchbanks, Polly A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Linda K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spirtas, Robert</creatorcontrib><title>Lifetime Recreational Exercise Activity and Breast Cancer Risk Among Black Women and White Women</title><title>JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute</title><addtitle>JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst</addtitle><description>Background: Physical inactivity is a potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor. Because few data on this relationship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age-specific measures of recreational exercise activity among white women and among black women. Methods: The Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was a multicenter population-based case–control study of black women and white women aged 35–64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. We collected detailed histories of lifetime recreational exercise activity during in-person interviews with 4538 case patients with breast cancer (1605 black and 2933 white) and 4649 control subjects (1646 black and 3033 white). Control subjects were frequency-matched to case patients on age, race, and study site. We examined associations between exercise activity measures (metabolic equivalents of energy expenditure [MET]-hours per week per year) and breast cancer risk overall and among subgroups defined by race, other breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics by use of unconditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among all women, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with increased levels of lifetime exercise activity (e.g., average MET-hours per week per year, Ptrend = .002). An average annual lifetime exercise activity that was greater than the median level for active control subjects was associated with an approximately 20% lower risk of breast cancer, compared with that for inactivity (for 6.7–15.1 MET-hours/week/year, odds ratio [OR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71 to 0.93; for ≥15.2 MET-hours/week/year, OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.92). The inverse associations did not differ between black and white women (for MET-hours/week/year, Ptrend = .003 and Ptrend = .09, respectively; homogeneity of trends P = .16). No modification of risk was observed by disease stage, estrogen receptor status, or any breast cancer risk factor other than first-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: This study supports an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among black women and among white women.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>African Americans - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - chemistry</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Leisure Activities</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Mammary gland diseases</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>SEER Program</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>White people</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>0027-8874</issn><issn>1460-2105</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0c2LEzEYBvAgiltXT94lCHqRcd98TJI5dstqxapQlJW9xDTzjqadjzVJZfe_d-oUF7yYSwjvjwfyPoQ8ZfCaQSXOtr0PZ_U2CC3vkRmTCgrOoLxPZgBcF8ZoeUIepbSF8VRcPiQnTHFjGIcZ-bYKDebQIV2jj-hyGHrX0osbjD4kpHOfw6-Qb6nra3o-gpTpwvUeI12HtKPzbui_0_PW-R29HDrs_8DLHyHj9H5MHjSuTfjkeJ-SL28uPi-WxerT23eL-arwsoRcCNMwVIopYKC1UNLXpta6Ab9BJkrnJS9Be67c-M2SV02jNrVyRkhZs5pxcUpeTrnXcfi5x5RtF5LHtnU9DvtkldFVVUr4L2SVMAz4IfH5P3A77OO4nWQ5h8pU3JQjejUhH4eUIjb2OobOxVvLwB7qsYd67FTPqJ8dI_ebDus7e-xjBC-OwCXv2iaOqw7pzmkBQppDUDG5kDLe_J27uLNKC13a5dcrK5bs6sP7j9quxW9zWaYi</recordid><startdate>20051116</startdate><enddate>20051116</enddate><creator>Bernstein, Leslie</creator><creator>Patel, Alpa V.</creator><creator>Ursin, Giske</creator><creator>Sullivan-Halley, Jane</creator><creator>Press, Michael F.</creator><creator>Deapen, Dennis</creator><creator>Berlin, Jesse A.</creator><creator>Daling, Janet R.</creator><creator>McDonald, Jill A.</creator><creator>Norman, Sandra A.</creator><creator>Malone, Kathleen E.</creator><creator>Strom, Brian L.</creator><creator>Liff, Jonathan</creator><creator>Folger, Suzanne G.</creator><creator>Simon, Michael S.</creator><creator>Burkman, Ronald T.</creator><creator>Marchbanks, Polly A.</creator><creator>Weiss, Linda K.</creator><creator>Spirtas, Robert</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20051116</creationdate><title>Lifetime Recreational Exercise Activity and Breast Cancer Risk Among Black Women and White Women</title><author>Bernstein, Leslie ; Patel, Alpa V. ; Ursin, Giske ; Sullivan-Halley, Jane ; Press, Michael F. ; Deapen, Dennis ; Berlin, Jesse A. ; Daling, Janet R. ; McDonald, Jill A. ; Norman, Sandra A. ; Malone, Kathleen E. ; Strom, Brian L. ; Liff, Jonathan ; Folger, Suzanne G. ; Simon, Michael S. ; Burkman, Ronald T. ; Marchbanks, Polly A. ; Weiss, Linda K. ; Spirtas, Robert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-38f1e661601077364cd8d77f0cbe135ac42507c26a374529ff6bd6a8344d1d123</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>African Americans</topic><topic>African Americans - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - chemistry</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Leisure Activities</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Mammary gland diseases</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - analysis</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>SEER Program</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>White people</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bernstein, Leslie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Alpa V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ursin, Giske</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan-Halley, Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Press, Michael F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deapen, Dennis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berlin, Jesse A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daling, Janet R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Jill A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norman, Sandra A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malone, Kathleen E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strom, Brian L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liff, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Folger, Suzanne G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simon, Michael S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkman, Ronald T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marchbanks, Polly A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Linda K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spirtas, Robert</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bernstein, Leslie</au><au>Patel, Alpa V.</au><au>Ursin, Giske</au><au>Sullivan-Halley, Jane</au><au>Press, Michael F.</au><au>Deapen, Dennis</au><au>Berlin, Jesse A.</au><au>Daling, Janet R.</au><au>McDonald, Jill A.</au><au>Norman, Sandra A.</au><au>Malone, Kathleen E.</au><au>Strom, Brian L.</au><au>Liff, Jonathan</au><au>Folger, Suzanne G.</au><au>Simon, Michael S.</au><au>Burkman, Ronald T.</au><au>Marchbanks, Polly A.</au><au>Weiss, Linda K.</au><au>Spirtas, Robert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Lifetime Recreational Exercise Activity and Breast Cancer Risk Among Black Women and White Women</atitle><jtitle>JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute</jtitle><addtitle>JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst</addtitle><date>2005-11-16</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>1671</spage><epage>1679</epage><pages>1671-1679</pages><issn>0027-8874</issn><eissn>1460-2105</eissn><coden>JNCIEQ</coden><abstract>Background: Physical inactivity is a potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor. Because few data on this relationship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age-specific measures of recreational exercise activity among white women and among black women. Methods: The Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was a multicenter population-based case–control study of black women and white women aged 35–64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. We collected detailed histories of lifetime recreational exercise activity during in-person interviews with 4538 case patients with breast cancer (1605 black and 2933 white) and 4649 control subjects (1646 black and 3033 white). Control subjects were frequency-matched to case patients on age, race, and study site. We examined associations between exercise activity measures (metabolic equivalents of energy expenditure [MET]-hours per week per year) and breast cancer risk overall and among subgroups defined by race, other breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics by use of unconditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among all women, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with increased levels of lifetime exercise activity (e.g., average MET-hours per week per year, Ptrend = .002). An average annual lifetime exercise activity that was greater than the median level for active control subjects was associated with an approximately 20% lower risk of breast cancer, compared with that for inactivity (for 6.7–15.1 MET-hours/week/year, odds ratio [OR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71 to 0.93; for ≥15.2 MET-hours/week/year, OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.92). The inverse associations did not differ between black and white women (for MET-hours/week/year, Ptrend = .003 and Ptrend = .09, respectively; homogeneity of trends P = .16). No modification of risk was observed by disease stage, estrogen receptor status, or any breast cancer risk factor other than first-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: This study supports an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among black women and among white women.</abstract><cop>Cary, NC</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>16288120</pmid><doi>10.1093/jnci/dji374</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult African Americans African Americans - statistics & numerical data Biological and medical sciences Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - chemistry Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology Breast Neoplasms - genetics Case-Control Studies Child Confidence Intervals European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data Exercise Female Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Health risk assessment Humans Incidence Leisure Activities Logistic Models Mammary gland diseases Medical research Medical sciences Middle Aged Odds Ratio Receptors, Estrogen - analysis Risk Assessment Risk factors SEER Program Time Factors Tumors United States - epidemiology White people Women |
title | Lifetime Recreational Exercise Activity and Breast Cancer Risk Among Black Women and White Women |
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