Importance of Early Adequate Exposure to Cyclosporine in Renal Transplant Outcome: Study of 1-Year Creatinine

• Published in: Transplantation proceedings 2005-10, Vol.37 (8), p.3358-3360
• Main Authors: Dominguez, J., Kompatzki, A., Velasco, A., Turpaud, F., Norambuena, R., Arenas, J., Pais, E., Llanos, R., Cortes-Monroy, G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Creatinine - blood; Cyclosporine - administration & dosage; Cyclosporine - therapeutic use; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Graft Rejection - epidemiology; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents - administration & dosage; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use; Kidney Transplantation - immunology; Kidney Transplantation - physiology; Male; Medical sciences; Multivariate Analysis; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Tissue, organ and graft immunology; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0041-1345; 1873-2623
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.09.029

One-year serum creatinine (SCr) level has been used as a surrogate marker for graft survival in kidney transplantation. We evaluated the importance of different factors on this parameter, emphasizing the importance of adequate exposure to Cyclosporine (CyA). Ninety-six consecutive renal transplant recipients who underwent transplantation between 1996 and 2002 were treated with CyA, steroids, and azathioprine. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed for 1-year SCr, acute rejection episodes (ARE), and duration of delayed graft function (DGF). We considered adequate CyA levels within 1 week to be >250 ng/mL trough levels (38%) or 3 hour postdose level (C3) >1100 ng/mL (62%). Mean 1-year SCr was 1.52 ± 0.5, ARE rate was 27%, and DGF rate was 31%. Overall, 53% of patients achieved adequate exposure to CyA at 1 week (68% on those monitored by C3). Univariate analysis identified female recipient gender, decreasing donor age, absence of ARE, and decreased DGF duration to yield lower 1-year SCr ( P < .05). On multivariate analysis for donor age (lower), ARE rate, and duration of DGF (shorter) were the only factors considered to be significant for a lower 1-year SCr level. Multivariate analysis for ARE showed that adequate CyA exposure and lower HLA mismatch decreased ARE, whereas the ability to achieve adequate exposure to CyA and shorter cold ischemia time (CIT) correlated with a reduced incidence of DGF. One-year SCr level is affected primarily by the incidence of ARE, by donor age, and by duration of DGF. Adequate CyA exposure is related to lower ARE; however, its relation to DGF may be influenced by the reluctance to increase exposure on patients with a nonfunctioning graft.