In and out: histone variant exchange in chromatin

Alterations in nucleosome structure affect the accessibility of the DNA and can generate specialized domains of chromatin in the genome. Such changes can be introduced by posttranslational modifications of histones, by chromatin remodeling, or by the incorporation of variants of H2A and H3 into nucl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in biochemical sciences (Amsterdam. Regular ed.) 2005-12, Vol.30 (12), p.680-687
Main Authors: Jin, Jingji, Cai, Yong, Li, Bing, Conaway, Ronald C., Workman, Jerry L., Conaway, Joan Weliky, Kusch, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Chromatin - metabolism
DNA Repair
Genetic Variation
Histones - chemistry
Histones - genetics
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Models, Biological
Molecular Chaperones - metabolism
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Alterations in nucleosome structure affect the accessibility of the DNA and can generate specialized domains of chromatin in the genome. Such changes can be introduced by posttranslational modifications of histones, by chromatin remodeling, or by the incorporation of variants of H2A and H3 into nucleosomes. In contrast to the canonical histones, which are deposited behind the replication fork during S phase, histone variants are incorporated in a process that is independent of DNA replication. Recent studies have shown that distinct multiprotein complexes are responsible for the targeted deposition of histone variants at active genes, centromeres and silent loci. The incorporation of histone variants most probably has epigenetic consequences and contributes to architectural changes in chromosomes.
ISSN:0968-0004
1362-4326
DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2005.10.003