Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) regulates trophoblast invasion and motility through effects on nitric oxide

BACKGROUND: Invasion of trophoblast into the uterine environment is crucial for establishing a successful pregnancy. Physiological production of nitric oxide (NO) by extravillous trophoblasts results in significant pro-invasive effects. NO synthesis is competitively inhibited by methylated arginine...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human reproduction (Oxford) 2006-10, Vol.21 (10), p.2530-2537
Main Authors: Ayling, L.J., Whitley, G.St.J., Aplin, J.D., Cartwright, J.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADMA
Amidohydrolases - genetics
Amidohydrolases - metabolism
asymmetric dimethylarginine
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
DNA Primers
Female
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Keratin-7
Keratins - analysis
Medical sciences
Nitric Oxide - physiology
Organ Culture Techniques
placenta
Placenta - cytology
Placenta - enzymology
Placenta - physiology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Trimester, First
Trophoblasts - physiology
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Summary:BACKGROUND: Invasion of trophoblast into the uterine environment is crucial for establishing a successful pregnancy. Physiological production of nitric oxide (NO) by extravillous trophoblasts results in significant pro-invasive effects. NO synthesis is competitively inhibited by methylated arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) but not the enantiomer symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA). Within cells, the concentration of ADMA is regulated by the activity of the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). The aim of this study was to examine DDAH expression and function in trophoblasts. METHODS AND RESULTS: DDAH-1 and DDAH-2 messenger RNA and protein were demonstrated in first trimester placental tissue, primary extravillous trophoblasts and extravillous trophoblast-derived cell lines. DDAH activity was demonstrated in both cells and tissue. Overexpression of DDAH-1 in trophoblasts led to a number of significant changes, including an 8-fold increase in enzymatic activity, a 59% decrease in production of ADMA (but not SDMA), a 1.9-fold increase in NO and a 1.6-fold increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production. Functional assays showed that increased DDAH activity led to significantly increased cell motility and invasion in response to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). CONCLUSIONS: DDAH may play an important role in the regulation of extravillous trophoblast function via its effects on ADMA and NO production.
ISSN:0268-1161
1460-2350
DOI:10.1093/humrep/del111