Environmental rearing conditions produce forebrain differences in wild Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Recent studies suggest that hatchery-reared fish can have smaller brain-to-body size ratios than wild fish. It is unclear, however, whether these differences are due to artificial selection or instead reflect differences in rearing environment during development. Here we explore how rearing conditio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology Molecular & integrative physiology, 2006-10, Vol.145 (2), p.145-151
Main Authors: Kihslinger, R.L., Lema, S.C., Nevitt, G.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Wild
Behavior, Animal
Brain
Conservation
Enrichment
Environment
Fish
Fisheries
Hatchery
Marine
Neurogenesis
Olfactory Bulb - growth & development
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Phenotypic plasticity
Salmon
Salmon - anatomy & histology
Salmon - growth & development
Telencephalon - growth & development
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Summary:Recent studies suggest that hatchery-reared fish can have smaller brain-to-body size ratios than wild fish. It is unclear, however, whether these differences are due to artificial selection or instead reflect differences in rearing environment during development. Here we explore how rearing conditions influence the development of two forebrain structures, the olfactory bulb and the telencephalon, in juvenile Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawned from wild-caught adults. First, we compared the sizes of the olfactory bulb and telencephalon between salmon reared in a wild stream vs. a conventional hatchery. We next compared the sizes of forebrain structures between fish reared in an enriched NATURES hatchery and fish reared in a conventional hatchery. All fish were size-matched and from the same genetic cohort. We found that olfactory bulb and telencephalon volumes relative to body size were significantly larger in wild fish compared to hatchery-reared fish. However, we found no differences between fish reared in enriched and conventional hatchery treatments. Our results suggest that significant differences in the volume of the olfactory bulb and telencephalon between hatchery and wild-reared fish can occur within a single generation.
ISSN:1095-6433
1531-4332
DOI:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.06.041