Similar functional activity of dendritic cells recruited to the mesenteric lymph nodes of newborn and adult mice after the rectal delivery of Mycobacterium bovis BCG

• Published in: Microbes and infection 2006-08, Vol.8 (9), p.2341-2351
• Main Authors: Abolhassani, Mohammad, Lagranderie, Micheline, Caminshi, Irina, Romain, Felix, Balazuc, Anne-Marie, Wagner, Marie-Christine, Tanguy, Myriam, Fiette, Laurence, Sobhani, Iradj, Milon, Geneviève, Marchal, Gilles
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Rectal; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bacillus Calmette Guérin; Bacterial diseases; BCG Vaccine - administration & dosage; BCG Vaccine - immunology; BCG Vaccine - pharmacokinetics; Biological and medical sciences; Caco-2 Cells; CD11 Antigens - immunology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Chemokine CCL20; Chemokines, CC - immunology; Dendritic cells; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Drug delivery route; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human bacterial diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis; Interferon-gamma - immunology; Lymph Nodes - immunology; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins - immunology; Medical sciences; Mesenteric cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microbiology; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rectal delivery; Rectum - immunology; Tuberculosis - immunology; Tuberculosis - prevention & control; Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections
• ISSN: 1286-4579; 1769-714X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2006.03.022

BCG rectal administration to newborn and adult mice induced protective immune responses against tuberculosis. BCG reaches the sub-epithelial site and the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and dendritic cells (DC) could be recruited to these sites. Using polarized Caco-2 epithelial cells, we showed that BCG translocates epithelial cells to basolateral compartment. Delayed in newborn BALB/c mice, an important recruitment of CD11c + DCs, was documented in the rectal lamina propria and the MLNs during the first two weeks after rectal BCG delivery. In MLNs, two major DC subtypes were observed: conventional DCs (cDCs) (B220 −) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) (B220 +). CIRE, mouse DC-specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) is predominantly expressed on pDCs and at a higher level on pDCs from the adult compared to newborn MLNs. cDCs with a higher capacity to induce the proliferation of naïve CD4 + T cells than pDCs, triggered CD4 + T cells to produce interferon-γ whereas pDCs triggered them to release interleukin-10. Both DC subtypes equilibrates T cells as a source of microbicidal/microbiostatic signals and those acting as source of counter-inflammatory signals, preventing tissue damage and/or accelerating tissue repair. Thus, rectal delivery of BCG could be a safe and efficient route of vaccination against tuberculosis.