Long-Term Effects of Obesity on Employment and Work Limitations Among U.S. Adults, 1986 to 1999

Objective: To determine the relationships between BMI and workforce participation and the presence of work limitations in a U.S. working‐age population. Research Methods and Procedures: We used data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationwide prospective cohort, to estimate the effect of o...

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Published in:Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2006-09, Vol.14 (9), p.1637-1646
Main Authors: Tunceli, Kaan, Li, Kemeng, Williams, L. Keoki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
BMI
Body Mass Index
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
disability
Employment
Female
Health Behavior
Health Status
Humans
labor supply
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity - complications
Obesity - psychology
Prospective Studies
Sex Distribution
Socioeconomic Factors
Thinness
weight
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4872-296999f808770721a237718abc513eb21b5774d0d1c275d1d5b26c3dbac9b4823
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4872-296999f808770721a237718abc513eb21b5774d0d1c275d1d5b26c3dbac9b4823
container_end_page 1646
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container_title Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
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creator Tunceli, Kaan
Li, Kemeng
Williams, L. Keoki
description Objective: To determine the relationships between BMI and workforce participation and the presence of work limitations in a U.S. working‐age population. Research Methods and Procedures: We used data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationwide prospective cohort, to estimate the effect of obesity in 1986 on employment and work limitations in 1999. Individuals were classified into the following weight categories: underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30). Using multivariable probit models, we estimated the relationships between obesity and both employment and work disability. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: After adjusting for baseline sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, exercise, and self‐reported health, obesity was associated with reduced employment at follow‐up [men: marginal effect (ME) −4.8 percentage points (pp); p < 0.05; women: ME −5.8 pp; p < 0.10]. Among employed women, being either overweight or obese was associated with an increase in self‐reported work limitations when compared with normal‐weight individuals (overweight: ME +3.9 pp; p < 0.01; obese: ME +12.6 pp; p < 0.01). Among men, the relationship between obesity and work limitations was not statistically significant. Discussion: Obesity appears to result in future productivity losses through reduced workforce participation and increased work limitations. These findings have important implications in the U.S., which is currently experiencing a rise in the prevalence of obesity.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/oby.2006.188
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Keoki</creator><creatorcontrib>Tunceli, Kaan ; Li, Kemeng ; Williams, L. Keoki</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Objective: To determine the relationships between BMI and workforce participation and the presence of work limitations in a U.S. working‐age population. Research Methods and Procedures: We used data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationwide prospective cohort, to estimate the effect of obesity in 1986 on employment and work limitations in 1999. Individuals were classified into the following weight categories: underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30). Using multivariable probit models, we estimated the relationships between obesity and both employment and work disability. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: After adjusting for baseline sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, exercise, and self‐reported health, obesity was associated with reduced employment at follow‐up [men: marginal effect (ME) −4.8 percentage points (pp); p < 0.05; women: ME −5.8 pp; p < 0.10]. Among employed women, being either overweight or obese was associated with an increase in self‐reported work limitations when compared with normal‐weight individuals (overweight: ME +3.9 pp; p < 0.01; obese: ME +12.6 pp; p < 0.01). Among men, the relationship between obesity and work limitations was not statistically significant. Discussion: Obesity appears to result in future productivity losses through reduced workforce participation and increased work limitations. 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Results: After adjusting for baseline sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, exercise, and self‐reported health, obesity was associated with reduced employment at follow‐up [men: marginal effect (ME) −4.8 percentage points (pp); p < 0.05; women: ME −5.8 pp; p < 0.10]. Among employed women, being either overweight or obese was associated with an increase in self‐reported work limitations when compared with normal‐weight individuals (overweight: ME +3.9 pp; p < 0.01; obese: ME +12.6 pp; p < 0.01). Among men, the relationship between obesity and work limitations was not statistically significant. Discussion: Obesity appears to result in future productivity losses through reduced workforce participation and increased work limitations. 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source Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection
subjects Adult
BMI
Body Mass Index
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
disability
Employment
Female
Health Behavior
Health Status
Humans
labor supply
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity - complications
Obesity - psychology
Prospective Studies
Sex Distribution
Socioeconomic Factors
Thinness
weight
title Long-Term Effects of Obesity on Employment and Work Limitations Among U.S. Adults, 1986 to 1999
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