Polarized growth: maintaining focus on the tip

Tip growth, a spatially focused cell expansion, has been best characterized in two plant cell types: pollen tubes and root hairs. It has long been established that both cell types require three intracellular components for this process: a tip-high calcium gradient, a polarized actin cytoskeleton, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in plant biology 2006-12, Vol.9 (6), p.579-588
Main Authors: Cole, Rex A, Fowler, John E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
actin
calcium
Calcium - metabolism
cell growth
Cell Polarity
cytochemistry
cytoskeleton
guanosinetriphosphatase
literature reviews
microtubules
organelles
Plant Cells
Plant Development
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plant Roots - cytology
Plant Roots - growth & development
plants
polarized growth
pollen tubes
protein kinases
root hairs
vesicles
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Summary:Tip growth, a spatially focused cell expansion, has been best characterized in two plant cell types: pollen tubes and root hairs. It has long been established that both cell types require three intracellular components for this process: a tip-high calcium gradient, a polarized actin cytoskeleton, and tip-directed vesicle trafficking. More recently, additional mechanistic parallels have been observed between the two cell types, including roles for ROP and Rab GTPase signaling, phosphoinositides, calcium-dependent protein kinases, and the exocyst. Uncovering pathways that control the three components is beginning to reveal a highly interconnected network, which we call the tip growth LENS (for localization enhancing network, self-sustaining), that coordinates the required cellular activities to allow regulated tip growth, and to maintain itself as the tip advances.
ISSN:1369-5266
1879-0356
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2006.09.014