Cytomegalovirus and the role of interferon in the expression of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand in the placenta

Objective Cytomegalovirus infection causes adverse outcomes during pregnancy. Our objective was to determine the role of cytomegalovirus in modulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–related apoptosis-inducing ligand expression in the placenta. Study Design TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand messenge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2007-12, Vol.197 (6), p.608.e1-608.e6
Main Authors: Andrews, Janet I., MD, Griffith, Thomas S., PhD, Meier, Jeffery L., MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology
Female
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
interferon
Interferons - immunology
Medical sciences
Obstetrics and Gynecology
placenta
Placenta - immunology
Pregnancy
TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand - biosynthesis
tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Up-Regulation
Virus Replication - immunology
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Summary:Objective Cytomegalovirus infection causes adverse outcomes during pregnancy. Our objective was to determine the role of cytomegalovirus in modulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–related apoptosis-inducing ligand expression in the placenta. Study Design TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand messenger RNA and protein were quantified in cytomegalovirus-infected placental fibroblasts by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Blocking antibodies against interferon and type I interferon receptor were applied to culture medium to characterize the role of type I interferon in cytomegalovirus-induced TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand upregulation. Results Expression of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand messenger RNA and protein was increased in cytomegalovirus-infected placental fibroblasts, compared with uninfected controls. The cytomegalovirus-induced TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand messenger RNA upregulation was demonstrated across gestation, occurred in the absence of viral gene expression, and required cellular protein synthesis. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand messenger RNA upregulation was markedly attenuated by inactivation of either type I interferon or its receptor. Conclusion One mechanism by which cytomegalovirus infection causes unfavorable pregnancy outcomes may involve placental upregulation of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand via an interferon-mediated pathway.
ISSN:0002-9378
1097-6868
DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2007.04.031