Time Course of Oxidative Stress Status in the Postprandial and Postabsorptive States in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Relationship to Glucose and Lipid Changes

• Published in: Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2005-12, Vol.24 (6), p.474-485
• Main Authors: Manuel-y-Keenoy, Begona, Van Campenhout, Ann, Aerts, Petra, Vertommen, Jan, Abrams, Pascale, Van Gaal, Luc F, Van Gils, Carolien, De Leeuw, Ivo H
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption; Adult; antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Area Under Curve; B3.5 = 3.5-hour post-breakfast; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Glucose - analysis; BP = post-breakfast glycemia peak; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - blood; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; F = fasting; Fasting - blood; Female; Food; Glutathione - blood; GSH = reduced glutathione; Humans; Insulin - metabolism; L5 = 5-hour post-lunch; LD = post-lunch glycemia dale; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids - blood; LP = post-lunch glycemia peak; Male; MAPK = mitogen activated protein kinase; MDA = malondialdehyde; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; NFkB = nuclear facto k B; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test; OS = oxidative stress; oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; postabsorptive; postprandial; Postprandial Period; T1DM = type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus; TAC-PI = total antioxidant capacity as per cent inhibition of chemiluminescence; TACTE = total antioxidant capacity as Trolox equivalents; Triglycerides - blood; type 1 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 0731-5724; 1541-1087
• DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2005.10719493

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare oxidative stress status (OSS) with blood glucose and lipid changes during the fasting, postprandial and postabsorptive phases in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Twenty-three patients on intensive insulin treatment received a standard fat-rich breakfast and lunch. OSS was monitored at fasting (F), just after the post-breakfast glycemia peak (BP) (identified by continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring), 3.5-h post-breakfast (B3.5), just after the post-lunch peak (LP), just after the post-lunch dale (LD) and 5 hours after lunch (L5). Results: Whereas whole blood glutathione and plasma protein thiols increased in the postprandial period (from 6.52 ± 1.20 (F) to 7.08 ± 1.45 μmol/g Hb (BP), p = 0.005), ascorbate decreased gradually from 44 ± 17 (F) to 39 ± 19 μmol/L (LD), p = 0.015. Retinol and α-tocopherol also decreased from 27.1 ± 7.0 (F) to 25.3 ± 5.2 μmol/L (BP), p = 0.005. Uric acid decreased later, from 213 ± 77 (BP) to 204 ± 68 μmol/L (B3.5), p = 0.01, but then increased in LP (231 ± 70 μmol/L) and LD to values higher than F (215 ± 64, μmol/L, p = 0.01). Malondialdehyde increased gradually from 1.02 ± 0.36 (F) to a maximum of 1.14 ± 0.40 μmol/L (LP). In the postabsorptive phase (L5) all parameters except for thiols reverted to fasting concentrations. Conclusions: In type 1 diabetes lipid peroxidation increases during the postprandial phase in parallel to glucose and triglyceride changes. Blood antioxidants, however, followed diverse patterns of change.