Geriatric Pain Measure Short Form: Development and Initial Evaluation

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a short form of the 24‐item Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM) for use in community‐dwelling older adults. DESIGN: Derivation and validation of a 12‐item version of the GPM in a European and an independent U.S. sample of community‐dwelling older adults. SETTING: Three c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) 2007-12, Vol.55 (12), p.2045-2050
Main Authors: Blozik, Eva, Stuck, Andreas E., Niemann, Steffen, Ferrell, Bruce A., Harari, Danielle, Renteln-Kruse, Wolfgang von, Gillmann, Gerhard, Beck, John C., Clough-Gorr, Kerri M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Affect
Age Factors
Aged - physiology
Aged - psychology
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Chronic Disease
Diagnostic tests
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
General aspects
Geriatric Assessment
Geriatrics
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous
older adults
Older people
Pain
Pain - diagnosis
Pain - physiopathology
Pain - psychology
pain assessment
Pain Measurement - methods
Performance evaluation
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Quality of Life
reliability
self-administration
Surveys and Questionnaires - standards
validity
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Summary:OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a short form of the 24‐item Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM) for use in community‐dwelling older adults. DESIGN: Derivation and validation of a 12‐item version of the GPM in a European and an independent U.S. sample of community‐dwelling older adults. SETTING: Three community‐dwelling sites in London, United Kingdom; Hamburg, Germany; Solothurn, Switzerland; and two ambulatory geriatrics clinics in Los Angeles, California. PARTICIPANTS: European sample: 1,059 community‐dwelling older persons from three sites (London, UK; Hamburg, Germany; Solothurn, Switzerland); validation sample: 50 persons from Los Angeles, California, ambulatory geriatric clinics. MEASUREMENTS: Multidimensional questionnaire including self‐reported demographic and clinical information. RESULTS: Based on item‐to–total scale correlations in the European sample, 11 of 24 GPM items were selected for inclusion in the short form. One additional item (pain‐related sleep problems) was included based on clinical relevance. In the validation sample, the Cronbach alpha of GPM‐12 was 0.92 (individual subscale range 0.77–0.92), and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between GPM‐12 and the original GPM was 0.98. The correlation between the GPM‐12 and the McGill Pain Questionnaire was 0.63 (P
ISSN:0002-8614
1532-5415
DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01474.x