Oxidative DNA Damage Preventive Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni, a Natural Sweetener

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2007-12, Vol.55 (26), p.10962-10967
• Main Authors: Ghanta, Srijani, Banerjee, Anindita, Poddar, Avijit, Chattopadhyay, Sharmila
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: antioxidant activity; antioxidant potential; antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; flavonoids; Flavonoids - analysis; Food additives; Food Chem/Biochem; Food industries; free radical scavengers; functional foods; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; leaves; lipid peroxidation; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; oxidative DNA damage; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Phenols - analysis; plant extracts; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Polyphenols; Stevia; Stevia - chemistry; Stevia rebaudiana; Sweetening Agents
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf071892q

At 0.1 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of the crude 85% methanolic extract (CAE) of Stevia rebaudiana leaves exhibited preventive activity against DNA strand scission by •OH generated in Fenton’s reaction on pBluescript II SK (–) DNA. Its efficacy is better than that of quercetin. The radical scavenging capacity of CAE was evaluated by the DPPH test (IC50 = 47.66 ± 1.04 µg/mL). EAE was derived from CAE scavenged DPPH (IC50 = 9.26 ± 0.04 µg/mL), ABTS+ (IC50 = 3.04 ± 0.22 µg/mL) and •OH (IC50 = 3.08 ± 0.19 µg/mL). Additionally, inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced with 25 mM FeSO4 on rat liver homogenate as a lipid source was noted with CAE (IC50 = 2.1 ± 1.07 mg/mL). The total polyphenols and total flavonoids of EAE were 0.86 mg gallic acid equivalents/mg and 0.83 mg of quercetin equivalents/mg, respectively. Flavonoids, isolated from EAE, were characterized as quercetin-3-O-arabinoside, quercitrin, apigenin, apigenin-4-O-glucoside, luteolin, and kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside by LC-MS and NMR analysis. These results indicate that Stevia rebaudiana may be useful as a potential source of natural antioxidants.