Mitochondrial gene order is not conserved in arthropods: prostriate and metastriate tick mitochondrial genomes

The entire mitochondrial genome was sequenced in a prostriate tick, Ixodes hexagonus, and a metastriate tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Both genomes encode 22 tRNAs, 13 proteins, and two ribosomal RNAs. Prostriate ticks are basal members of Ixodidae and have the same gene order as Limulus polyphemus...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular biology and evolution 1998-12, Vol.15 (12), p.1772-1785
Main Authors: Black, 4th, W C, Roehrdanz, R L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anticodon - genetics
Arthropods - classification
Arthropods - genetics
Base Sequence
Cytochrome b Group - genetics
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
Evolution, Molecular
Genes, Insect
Genetic Variation
Genome
Horseshoe Crabs - classification
Horseshoe Crabs - genetics
Ixodes - classification
Ixodes - genetics
Ixodes hexagonus
Ixodidae
Limulus polyphemus
Molecular Sequence Data
NADH Dehydrogenase - genetics
Phylogeny
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
RNA, Ribosomal - genetics
RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific - genetics
Sequence Alignment
Ticks - classification
Ticks - genetics
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Summary:The entire mitochondrial genome was sequenced in a prostriate tick, Ixodes hexagonus, and a metastriate tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Both genomes encode 22 tRNAs, 13 proteins, and two ribosomal RNAs. Prostriate ticks are basal members of Ixodidae and have the same gene order as Limulus polyphemus. In contrast, in R. sanguineus, a block of genes encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), tRNA(Leu)(UUR), tRNA(Leu)(CUN), 16S rDNA, tRNA(Val), 12S rDNA, the control region, and the tRNA(Ile) and tRNA(Gln) have translocated to a position between the tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Phe) genes. The tRNA(Cys) gene has translocated between the control region and the tRNA(Met) gene, and the tRNA(Leu)(CUN) gene has translocated between the tRNA(Ser)(UCN) gene and the control region. Furthermore, the control region is duplicated, and both copies undergo concerted evolution. Primers that flank these rearrangements confirm that this gene order is conserved in all metastriate ticks examined. Correspondence analysis of amino acid and codon use in the two ticks and in nine other arthropod mitochondrial genomes indicate a strong bias in R. sanguineus towards amino acids encoded by AT-rich codons.
ISSN:0737-4038
1537-1719
DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025903