Autoimmune retinopathy: A review and summary

Three main forms of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) have been identified over the last 15 years: cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), and nonneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy (npAIR). In this chapter, the term AIR will be used to encompass all three disorders wher...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in immunopathology 2008-04, Vol.30 (2), p.127-134
Main Authors: Heckenlively, John R., Ferreyra, Henry A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Autoantibodies - immunology
Autoantigens - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - pathology
Autoimmune Diseases - physiopathology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Electroretinography
Female
Humans
Immunology
Internal Medicine
Male
Middle Aged
Retinal Diseases - immunology
Retinal Diseases - pathology
Retinal Diseases - physiopathology
Review
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Summary:Three main forms of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) have been identified over the last 15 years: cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), and nonneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy (npAIR). In this chapter, the term AIR will be used to encompass all three disorders where there is commonality to their features. Complicating the issue is that AIR can be a secondary complication of other conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa, ocular trauma, birdshot retinopathy, acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), or multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). The many forms of AIR tend to have common clinical features despite the fact that there has been no uniform set of anti-retinal antibodies circulating in these patients. Patients tend to have a wide variance of anti-retinal antibody activity often with three to six different antibodies found on immunoblots. Patients typically present with a sudden onset of photopsia, rapid visual loss, and abnormal electroretinograms (ERGs). Most patients have a panretinal degeneration without pigment deposits.
ISSN:1863-2297
1863-2300
DOI:10.1007/s00281-008-0114-7