Leptin: Linking obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease

The incidence and prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome have risen markedly in the past decade, representing a serious cardiovascular health hazard with significant morbidity and mortality. The etiology of the metabolic syndrome and its various pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely defin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current hypertension reports 2008-04, Vol.10 (2), p.131-137
Main Authors: Patel, Sanjeev B., Reams, Garry P., Spear, Robert M., Freeman, Ronald H., Villarreal, Daniel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Appetite Regulation
Blood Pressure
Cardiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Diet
Family Medicine
General Practice
Heart - physiopathology
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - physiopathology
Insulin Resistance
Internal Medicine
Kidney - physiopathology
Leptin - blood
Leptin - metabolism
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Metabolic Syndrome - blood
Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism
Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology
Mortality
Nephrology
Obesity
Obesity - blood
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - physiopathology
Primary Care Medicine
Receptors, Leptin - metabolism
Risk Factors
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiopathology
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Summary:The incidence and prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome have risen markedly in the past decade, representing a serious cardiovascular health hazard with significant morbidity and mortality. The etiology of the metabolic syndrome and its various pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely defined and under intense investigation. Contemporary research suggests that the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin may be an important factor linking obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disorders. Although recent evidence indicates that under normal conditions leptin may be an important factor in regulating pressure and volume, during situations of chronic hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance, this hormone may function pathophysiologically for the development of hypertension and cardiac and renal diseases. Future research will determine if reduction of circulating leptin and/or blockade of its peripheral actions can confer cardiovascular and renal protection in hyperleptinemic patients with obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
ISSN:1522-6417
1534-3111
DOI:10.1007/s11906-008-0025-y