α-Galactosyl antibody redistributes α-galactosyl at the surface of pig blood and endothelial cells

The interaction of antibodies with cell surface antigens may induce redistribution of immune complexes, followed by antigen depletion, with increased resistance to injurious effect of antibody and complement (antigenic modulation). Human natural antibodies to Galα1,Galβ1,4GlcNAc-R (αGal) epitopes ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Transplant immunology 1999-06, Vol.7 (2), p.101-106
Main Authors: Maruyama, Shoichi, Cantu, Edward, Pernis, Benvenuto, Galili, Uri, Godman, Gabriel, Stern, David M, Andres, Giuseppe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
a-galactosyl
Animals
Antibodies - blood
Blood Platelets - immunology
Carbohydrate Sequence
Endothelium, Vascular - cytology
Endothelium, Vascular - immunology
Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism
Epitopes - immunology
Erythrocytes - immunology
Galactose - blood
Galactose - immunology
Humans
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Immunohistochemistry
Lymphocytes - immunology
Molecular Sequence Data
Papio
Swine
Trisaccharides - immunology
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Summary:The interaction of antibodies with cell surface antigens may induce redistribution of immune complexes, followed by antigen depletion, with increased resistance to injurious effect of antibody and complement (antigenic modulation). Human natural antibodies to Galα1,Galβ1,4GlcNAc-R (αGal) epitopes expressed at the surface of pig cells are a major obstacle to xenotransplantation. Recent studies have been that these antibodies do not modulate αGal, but the morphological consequences of the antigen-antibody interaction are unknown. Pig blood and endothelial cells, were exposed to baboon α-Gal antibodies, and studied by immunofluoresnce and phase contrast microscopy, flow cytometry, and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In cells studied at 4°C or fixed, αGal was diffusely expressed at the surface. After cross-linking at 37°C, antigenic modulation did not occur, but granular redistribution of αGal immune complexes was seen in all cell types. In other systems a similar redistribution is known to induce perturbation of the plasma membrane/cytoskeletal structure with changes in adhesive properties, gene regulation, and T cell activation, which could be important if pig xenografts will be made to survive for prolonged periods.
ISSN:0966-3274
1878-5492
DOI:10.1016/S0966-3274(99)80026-4