Tiwanaku 'colonization': Bioarchaeological implications for migration in the Moquegua Valley, Peru

Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically-distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World archaeology 1998-10, Vol.30 (2), p.238-261
Main Authors: Blom, Deborah E., Hallgrímsson, Benedikt, Keng, Linda, Lozada C., María C., Buikstra, Jane E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
America and Arctic regions
Andes
Anthropology - methods
Anthropology - trends
Archaeology
Archaeology - methods
Archaeology - trends
bioarchaeology
Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic - history
Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic - trends
Bolivia - ethnology
Ceramic cultures
Colonization
Demography
Ecology
Ecosystem
Emigration and Immigration - history
Emigration and Immigration - statistics & numerical data
Emigration and Immigration - trends
Ethnicity
Highlands
History of medicine
History, Ancient
Humans
identity
Indians, South American - ethnology
Indians, South American - history
Lowlands
Migration
Paleoanthropology
Peru - ethnology
Phenotypic traits
Physical anthropology
Population genetics
Prehistory and protohistory
Social interaction
South America
Teeth
Tiwanaku
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Summary:Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically-distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural and material cultural patterning. We examine the human biological implications of colonization from the perspective of Tiwanaku, primarily during the expansive Tiwanaku IV and V periods (c. AD 500-1000). Using inherited skeletal features and artificial cranial deformation, we explore community patterning within the Titicaca Basin in comparison to that for the Moquegua (Middle Osmore) Valley, a region known to have strong cultural ties with the highland altiplano. Based in a sample of over 500 individuals, we test archaeologically-derived models that posit mass migration into the Moquegua region. Our results are not inconsistent with a migration model.
ISSN:0043-8243
1470-1375
DOI:10.1080/00438243.1998.9980409