Sex Differences in the Effects of Neuroleptics on Escape-Avoidance Behavior in Mice: A Review

The literature of the effects of dopamine antagonists on escape-avoidance, focusing on data obtained in our laboratory with male and female mice, is reviewed. The acute administration of haloperidol, raclopride, clozapine, and SCH 23390 impaired escape-avoidance behavior more in males than in female...

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Published in:Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior biochemistry and behavior, 1999-12, Vol.64 (4), p.813-820
Main Authors: Parra, Andrés, Arenas, M.Carmen, Monleón, Santiago, Vinader-Caerols, Concepción, Simón, Vicente M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antipsychotic Agents - pharmacology
Avoidance
Avoidance Learning - drug effects
Clozapine
Escape
Escape Reaction - drug effects
Female
Haloperidol
Haloperidol - pharmacology
Male
Mice
Raclopride
Raclopride - pharmacology
SCH 23390
Sex Characteristics
Sex differences
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Summary:The literature of the effects of dopamine antagonists on escape-avoidance, focusing on data obtained in our laboratory with male and female mice, is reviewed. The acute administration of haloperidol, raclopride, clozapine, and SCH 23390 impaired escape-avoidance behavior more in males than in females, and the subchronic administration of haloperidol had a similar effect. This appeared to be a reliable phenomenon, because it was observed in both kinds of administration, in two mouse strains, and with several drugs and doses. The observed results were dose dependent, although the dose–effect relationship was not the same in all drugs. The sex differences in escape avoidance did not seem related to sex differences in the well-known deteriorating effects of these drugs on motor activity. In addition, an analysis of all our studies showed that there were no sex differences in the variability of responses, reinforcing the idea that female subjects should be included in these types of studies.
ISSN:0091-3057
1873-5177
DOI:10.1016/S0091-3057(99)00144-6