Origin and physiological roles of inflammation

Inflammation underlies a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. Although the pathological aspects of many types of inflammation are well appreciated, their physiological functions are mostly unknown. The classic instigators of inflammation — infection and tissue injury — are at on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature 2008-07, Vol.454 (7203), p.428-435
Main Author: Medzhitov, Ruslan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Biological
Anatomy & physiology
Animals
Apoptosis
Cellular biology
Development and progression
Homeostasis
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - metabolism
Inflammation - pathology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammation Mediators - immunology
Inflammation Mediators - metabolism
Inflammatory diseases
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
multidisciplinary
Pathology
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Physiology, Pathological
review-article
Risk factors
Science
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Summary:Inflammation underlies a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. Although the pathological aspects of many types of inflammation are well appreciated, their physiological functions are mostly unknown. The classic instigators of inflammation — infection and tissue injury — are at one end of a large range of adverse conditions that induce inflammation, and they trigger the recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins to the affected tissue site. Tissue stress or malfunction similarly induces an adaptive response, which is referred to here as para-inflammation. This response relies mainly on tissue-resident macrophages and is intermediate between the basal homeostatic state and a classic inflammatory response. Para-inflammation is probably responsible for the chronic inflammatory conditions that are associated with modern human diseases.
ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
1476-4679
DOI:10.1038/nature07201