Orexin Synthesis and Response in the Gut

Orexin (hypocretin) appears to play a role in the regulation of energy balances. Previous reports have indicated that orexin-containing neurons are found only in the lateral hypothalamic (LH) area. We show that a subset of neurons in the gut which also express leptin receptors display orexin-like im...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Mass.), 1999-12, Vol.24 (4), p.941-951
Main Authors: Kirchgessner, Annette L, Liu, Min-tsai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Axons - metabolism
Carrier Proteins - biosynthesis
Carrier Proteins - pharmacology
Carrier Proteins - physiology
Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein - metabolism
Digestive System - innervation
Digestive System - metabolism
Digestive System Physiological Phenomena
enteric nervous system
Enteric Nervous System - physiology
Enteroendocrine Cells - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Motility - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Motility - physiology
Hunger - physiology
Immunohistochemistry
Intestine, Small - innervation
Intestine, Small - metabolism
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Neurons - metabolism
Neuropeptides - biosynthesis
Neuropeptides - pharmacology
Neuropeptides - physiology
Orexin Receptors
Orexins
Protein Precursors - biosynthesis
Protein Precursors - genetics
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Receptors, Neuropeptide - biosynthesis
Receptors, Neuropeptide - genetics
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis
RNA, Messenger - genetics
Synapses - metabolism
Synapses - physiology
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Summary:Orexin (hypocretin) appears to play a role in the regulation of energy balances. Previous reports have indicated that orexin-containing neurons are found only in the lateral hypothalamic (LH) area. We show that a subset of neurons in the gut which also express leptin receptors display orexin-like immunoreactivity and express functional orexin receptors. Orexin excites secretomotor neurons in the guinea pig submucosal plexus and increases motility. Moreover, fasting upregulates the phosphorylated form of cAMP response element–binding protein (pCREB) in orexin-immunoreactive neurons, indicating a functional response to food status in these cells. Together, these data suggest that orexin in the gut may play an even more intimate role in regulating energy homeostasis than it does in the CNS.
ISSN:0896-6273
1097-4199
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81041-7