Acyclovir-Resistant Corneal HSV-1 Isolates from Patients with Herpetic Keratitis

The prevalence and molecular characteristics of isolates from 173 immunocompetent patients with herpetic keratitis (HK) who were infected with acyclovir (ACV)-resistant (ACVR) corneal herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 was determined. Isolates from 11 (6.4%) of the patients were ACVR, and 9 of these 11 pa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2008-09, Vol.198 (5), p.659-663
Main Authors: Duan, Rui, de Vries, Rory D., Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., Remeijer, Lies, Verjans, Georges M. G. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acyclovir - pharmacology
Acyclovir - therapeutic use
Adult
Aged
Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Cohort Studies
Cornea - virology
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral - genetics
Female
Foscarnet - pharmacology
Ganciclovir - pharmacology
Herpes simplex virus 1
Herpesvirus 1, Human - drug effects
Herpesvirus 1, Human - enzymology
Herpesvirus 1, Human - isolation & purification
Humans
Keratitis, Herpetic - drug therapy
Keratitis, Herpetic - virology
Male
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Thymidine Kinase - chemistry
Thymidine Kinase - genetics
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Summary:The prevalence and molecular characteristics of isolates from 173 immunocompetent patients with herpetic keratitis (HK) who were infected with acyclovir (ACV)-resistant (ACVR) corneal herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 was determined. Isolates from 11 (6.4%) of the patients were ACVR, and 9 of these 11 patients were refractory to therapy with ACV; the ACVR isolates from 5 and 1 of these 9 patients were cross-resistant to gancyclovir and to both gancyclovir and foscarnet, respectively. Of the 11 ACVR isolates, 10 had, in the thymidine kinase gene, mutations that presumably conferred the ACVR phenotype. These data demonstrate a relatively high prevalence of corneal HSV-1 ACVR isolates in patients with HK, which emphasizes the need to monitor for ACV susceptibility in patients with HK who are refractory to therapy with ACV.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/590668