Transcranial Doppler ultrasound during galvanic labyrinth polarization depicts central vestibular processing, demonstrating bilateral vestibular projection

The combination of galvanic labyrinth polarization and transcranial Doppler ultrasound was employed to depict the neurovascular coupling in the cerebral vestibular areas. For galvanic stimulation, surface electrodes were attached to the right and left mastoid and two further electrodes were fixed ne...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The European journal of neuroscience 2008-07, Vol.28 (2), p.372-378
Main Authors: Schlosser, Hans-Georg, Guldin, Wolfgang, Fritzsche, Danny, Clarke, Andrew H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Brain - physiology
Doppler ultrasound
Electric Stimulation - methods
Female
galvanic labyrinth polarization
Hemodynamics
Humans
Illusions - etiology
Male
middle cerebral artery
Middle Cerebral Artery - diagnostic imaging
Middle Cerebral Artery - physiology
neurovascular coupling
Regional Blood Flow - physiology
Synaptic Transmission - physiology
Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
vascular stenosis
Vestibular Nerve - physiology
vestibular system
Vestibule, Labyrinth - physiology
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Summary:The combination of galvanic labyrinth polarization and transcranial Doppler ultrasound was employed to depict the neurovascular coupling in the cerebral vestibular areas. For galvanic stimulation, surface electrodes were attached to the right and left mastoid and two further electrodes were fixed near to each shoulder blade. Thus, each pair of electrodes (mastoid to shoulder) facilitated unilateral stimulation of the ipsilateral vestibular labyrinth. Blood flow in the middle cerebral artery and the internal carotid artery in both hemispheres was measured by means of Doppler ultrasound. The transcranial Doppler ultrasound system was head‐fixed and allowed continuous monitoring of the blood flow throughout the trials. Using a series of different stimulation modes (bilateral, unilateral left, unilateral right and sham), the changes in mean blood flow velocity were evaluated by comparing baseline blood flow under resting conditions to blood flow during stimulation. A total of 18 trials were performed with each of seven volunteer subjects. Galvanic labyrinth polarization elicited a clear sensation of pendular body movement in all subjects. Significant blood flow increase (P 
ISSN:0953-816X
1460-9568
DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06331.x