Quadriceps muscle strength, contractile properties, and motor unit firing rates in young and old men

• Published in: Muscle & nerve 1999-08, Vol.22 (8), p.1094-1103
• Main Authors: Roos, Martin R., Rice, Charles L., Connelly, Denise M., Vandervoort, Anthony A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; aging; Biological and medical sciences; electromyogram; Electromyography; force generation; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Male; Motor Neurons - physiology; Muscle Contraction - physiology; Muscles - physiology; rate coding; Striated muscle. Tendons; Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system
• ISSN: 0148-639X; 1097-4598
• DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199908)22:8<1094::AID-MUS14>3.0.CO;2-G

Changes with age in the voluntary static and dynamic strength of the quadriceps muscle group have been well characterized, and the importance of the muscle group for locomotion and independent living have been highlighted in both normal human aging and in clinical studies. Surprisingly few studies of this muscle group have described age‐related changes in voluntary activation ability using twitch interpolation and changes in stimulated contractile properties, and none have assessed the influence of old age on motor unit firing rates. We compared in 13 young (mean age 26 years) and 12 old (mean age 80 years) men the voluntary isometric strength, stimulated contractile properties, and average steady state motor unit firing rates in the quadriceps muscle. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force and twitch tension were ∼50% lower in the old men, but contractile speed was only ∼10% slower than in the young men. There was no difference in the ability of either group to activate the quadriceps to a high degree (94–96%). At all isometric force levels tested (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% MVC), there were no differences in mean motor unit firing rates. In both groups, the range of firing rates was similar and not large (∼8 Hz at 10% MVC and 26 Hz at MVC). Thus, the substantial age‐related weakness in this muscle does not seem to be related to changes in neural drive. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 22: 1094–1103, 1999