A long-term monitoring of fetal movement at home using a newly developed sensor: An introduction of maternal micro-arousals evoked by fetal movement during maternal sleep

• Published in: Early human development 2008-09, Vol.84 (9), p.595-603
• Main Authors: Nishihara, Kyoko, Horiuchi, Shigeko, Eto, Hiromi, Honda, Makoto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Advanced Basic Science; Arousal - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Capacitive acceleration sensor; Child, Preschool; Electrodes; Electroencephalography - instrumentation; Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology; Female; Fetal Monitoring - instrumentation; Fetal movement; Fetal Movement - physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Home Care Services; Humans; Long-term monitoring; Micro-arousal; Mothers; Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine; Pregnancy; Pregnant women; Sleep - physiology; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0378-3782; 1872-6232
• DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.03.001

Abstract Background Pregnant women's sleep disturbance due to fetal movement is well known. Fetal movement is thought to be an index of fetal well-being. However, as there has never been a way to easily and reliably record fetal movement, psychophysiological studies of pregnant women's sleep disturbance and fetal well-being have not been done. Aims To solve these methodological issues, we developed a new sensor with electrostatic capacity that can pick up acceleration of fetal movement. Methods and results Experiment I: We verified the reliability of our fetal movement recording system. Thirty-two pregnant women (from 19 to 39 weeks of gestation) were asked to lie down on a bed for about 1 h and to press a button as a subjective marker when they felt fetal movement. We simultaneously recorded maternal polysomnograms and fetal movement from the mothers' abdomens using a Medilog recorder. The mean of prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa for agreements, based on time between fetal movement signals recorded and subjective maternal markers, was substantial at 0.75. Experiment II: We recorded seven pregnant women's polysomnograms and fetal movement simultaneously during all-night sleep at home using our sensor during weeks 33 and 36 of gestation. We succeeded in recording maternal micro-arousals evoked by fetal movement. The mean value of the number of micro-arousals at 33 weeks was slightly larger than that at 36 weeks. Conclusions There was a high agreement between subjective maternal markers and fetal movement. Our recording system using the new sensor can be used for home monitoring of fetal movement.