Detection of simulated ADHD and reading disorder using symptom validity measures

Previous studies have typically focused on the ability of cognitive symptom validity tests to identify cognitive symptom exaggeration in the context of head injury or memory loss. Few published studies have examined the detection of simulated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or readin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of clinical neuropsychology 2008-09, Vol.23 (5), p.501-509
Main Authors: Frazier, Thomas W., Frazier, Allison R., Busch, Robyn M., Kerwood, Melissa A., Demaree, Heath A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Adolescent
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - complications
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis
Biological and medical sciences
Cognitive symptom exaggeration
Diagnosis, Differential
Dyslexia - complications
Dyslexia - diagnosis
Female
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
Patient Simulation
Poor effort
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychometrics - statistics & numerical data
Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reading disorder
Reproducibility of Results
Rey Memory Test
Sensitivity and Specificity
Surveys and Questionnaires
Techniques and methods
Validity Indicator Profile
Victoria Symptom Validity Test
Young Adult
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Summary:Previous studies have typically focused on the ability of cognitive symptom validity tests to identify cognitive symptom exaggeration in the context of head injury or memory loss. Few published studies have examined the detection of simulated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or reading disorder (RD). The present study examined the accuracy of symptom validity measures in the detection of simulated ADHD and RD. Results indicated that several commonly used symptom validity measures show good validity for detecting simulated ADHD and RD. Total Validity Indicator Profile (VIP) scores and hard item accuracy score from the Victoria Symptom Validity Test (VSVT) were the most accurate at distinguishing simulation of ADHD and RD from adequate effort. Percentages of control participants and participants in simulation conditions scoring below a specified cut score are provided to give clinicians an estimate of the simulator (true) positive and control (false) positive rates.
ISSN:0887-6177
1873-5843
DOI:10.1016/j.acn.2008.04.001