Determinants of Reinfection With Chlamydia trachomatis

Background and Objectives: Epidemiologic studies of chlamydial infections may often miss factors associated with the acquisition of infection. Goal: To evaluate factors associated with risk for initial and recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Study Design: A retrospective study of patients at...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sexually transmitted diseases 1999-01, Vol.26 (1), p.4-11
Main Authors: RICHEY, CHARITY M., MACALUSO, MAURIZIO, HOOK, EDWARD W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age Distribution
Alabama - epidemiology
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the genital system
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Chlamydia Infections - epidemiology
Chlamydia Infections - prevention & control
Chlamydia trachomatis - isolation & purification
Cohort Studies
Epidemiology
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Incidence
Infections
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical Records
Medical sciences
Population
Recurrence
Regression Analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Sexually transmitted diseases
STD
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Summary:Background and Objectives: Epidemiologic studies of chlamydial infections may often miss factors associated with the acquisition of infection. Goal: To evaluate factors associated with risk for initial and recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Study Design: A retrospective study of patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic and, within this retrospective cohort, a nested case-control study. Results: Among initial-negative subjects the crude incidence rate was 11.5 per 1,000 months of follow-up. Among initialpositive subjects, the crude incidence rate was 28 per 1,000 months of follow-up (RR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.4-2.2). The increase in risk of infection associated with prior infection was independent of age. In the case-control study, a reduced risk of recurrent infection was associated with tubal ligation, hormonal contraception, and barrier contraception. Conclusions: As well as targeting sexually active adolescents prevention programs should recommend repeat testing for all women with prior chlamydial infection, irrespective of age. Furthermore, issues related to personal control of health may modify risk for infection.
ISSN:0148-5717
1537-4521
DOI:10.1097/00007435-199901000-00002