Characterization of the carp myosin heavy chain multigene family

• Published in: Gene 1999-03, Vol.228 (1), p.189-196
• Main Authors: Kikuchi, Kiyoshi, Muramatsu, Maiko, Hirayama, Yasushi, Watabe, Shugo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Carps - genetics; Cyprinus carpio; DNA - chemistry; DNA - genetics; DNA - isolation & purification; Evolution; Evolution, Molecular; Exons; Freshwater; Gene organization; Introns; Loop 2; Molecular Sequence Data; Multigene Family - genetics; MyoHC gene; myosin; Myosin Heavy Chains - chemistry; Myosin Heavy Chains - genetics; Phylogeny; Protein Structure, Secondary; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Skeletal muscle; Temperature acclimation; Vertebrates - genetics
• ISSN: 0378-1119; 1879-0038
• DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00005-0

We isolated partial coding sequences for 29 carp myosin heavy chain genes ( MyoHCs) and determined the nucleotide sequences around the region encoding the loop 2 of the myosin molecule. The predicted amino acid sequences from the isolated genes all showed very high similarity to those of skeletal and cardiac muscles from higher vertebrates, but not to those of smooth and non-muscle counterparts. Among all clones isolated, carp MyoHC 10, MyoHC I -1–3 and MyoHC 30 showed exon-nucleotide sequences identical to those of cDNAs encoding the loop 2 region of the 10°C-, intermediate- and 30°C-type fast skeletal isoforms [Hirayama and Watabe, Euro. J. Biochem. 246 (1997) 380–387]. The loop 2 of 28 types of carp MyoHCs was encoded by two exons separated by an intron corresponding to that of the 16th in higher vertebrate MyoHCs, whilst this intron was not found in carp MyoHC 30. Although carp MyoHC 30 had a gene organization different from those of higher vertebrates and other carp MyoHCs, its predicted amino acid sequence for loop 2 showed the highest homology to those of higher vertebrates among carp MyoHCs. In the 28 carp MyoHCs containing the intron, a combination of different nucleotide sequences for the two resulted in 14 distinct series for the combined coding sequence. These different nucleotide sequences encoded nine distinct amino acid sequences. Phylogenetic analysis for the present loop 2 and light meromyosin previously reported for carp MyoHCs [Imai et al., J. Exp. Biol. 200 (1997) 27–34] revealed that carp MyoHCs have recently diverged and are more closely related to each other than to MyoHCs from other species.