Free amino acids in spider hemolymph

We examined the free amino acid composition of hemolymph from representatives of five spider families with an interest in knowing if the amino acid profile in the hemolymph of orb–web-building spiders reflects the high demands for small organic compounds in the sticky droplets of their webs. In near...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2008-11, Vol.151 (3), p.286-295
Main Authors: Tillinghast, Edward K., Townley, Mark A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Amino Acids - chemistry
Animals
Araneidae
Araneoidea
Diapause
Hemolymph
Hemolymph - chemistry
Orb web
Spider
Spiders - chemistry
Sticky spiral
Taurine - chemistry
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Summary:We examined the free amino acid composition of hemolymph from representatives of five spider families with an interest in knowing if the amino acid profile in the hemolymph of orb–web-building spiders reflects the high demands for small organic compounds in the sticky droplets of their webs. In nearly all analyses, on both orb and non-orb builders, glutamine was the most abundant free amino acid. Glycine, taurine, proline, histidine, and alanine also tended to be well-represented in orb and non-orb builders. While indications of taxon-specific differences in amino acid composition were observed, it was not apparent that two presumptive precursors (glutamine, taurine) of orb web sticky droplet compounds were uniquely enriched in araneids (orb builders). However, total amino acid concentrations were invariably highest in the araneids and especially so in overwintering juveniles, even as several of the essential amino acids declined during this winter diapause. Comparing the data from this study with those from earlier studies revealed a number of discrepancies. The possible origins of these differences are discussed.
ISSN:1096-4959
1879-1107
DOI:10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.07.009