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Foot-and-mouth disease: current world situation

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has increased in significance as a major constraint to international trade in live animals and animal products as the World Trade Organization agreements remove other obstructions. A consequence will be reluctance to immediately declare the presence of FMD if it is thoug...

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Published in:	Vaccine 1999-01, Vol.17 (13), p.1772-1774
Main Author:	Kitching, R.P
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Africa - epidemiology Animal viral diseases Animals Asia - epidemiology Biological and medical sciences Disease Outbreaks Distribution Epidemiology Europe - epidemiology Foot-and-mouth disease Foot-and-Mouth Disease - epidemiology Foot-and-Mouth Disease - prevention & control Foot-and-Mouth Disease - transmission Foot-and-mouth disease virus Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Infectious diseases Medical sciences Microbiology Risk South Africa - epidemiology Viral diseases Virology
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description	Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has increased in significance as a major constraint to international trade in live animals and animal products as the World Trade Organization agreements remove other obstructions. A consequence will be reluctance to immediately declare the presence of FMD if it is thought possible to quickly eliminate its presence and so avoid trade embargoes. This will predispose to spread of disease between trading partners. In addition, as countries tend to increase the requirements for testing and certification of imported animals with the objective of reducing the risk of importing disease, the increased costs and delays that this involves will encourage the illegal trade and therefore have the converse result.
doi_str_mv	10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00442-3
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subjects	Africa - epidemiology Animal viral diseases Animals Asia - epidemiology Biological and medical sciences Disease Outbreaks Distribution Epidemiology Europe - epidemiology Foot-and-mouth disease Foot-and-Mouth Disease - epidemiology Foot-and-Mouth Disease - prevention & control Foot-and-Mouth Disease - transmission Foot-and-mouth disease virus Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Infectious diseases Medical sciences Microbiology Risk South Africa - epidemiology Viral diseases Virology
title	Foot-and-mouth disease: current world situation
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