Beef customer satisfaction: cooking method and degree of doneness effects on the top sirloin steak

• Published in: Journal of animal science 1999-03, Vol.77 (3), p.645-652
• Main Authors: Savell, J.W, Lorenzen, C.L, Neely, T.R, Miller, R.K, Tatum, J.D, Wise, J.W, Taylor, J.F, Buyck, M.J, Reagan, J.O
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Beef; Biological and medical sciences; Cattle; Consumer Behavior; consumer preferences; Cooking; Cooking - methods; Customer satisfaction; flavor; Food industries; food preparation; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; geographical variation; Humans; market analysis; marketing; Meat and meat product industries; meat grades; Meat Products - standards; palatability; sensory evaluation; Surveys and Questionnaires; texture; United States; United States Department of Agriculture; water content
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163; 0021-8812
• DOI: 10.2527/1999.773645x

The objective of this research was to evaluate the consumer-controlled factors of cooking method and degree of doneness on Top Choice, Low Choice, High Select, and Low Select top sirloin steaks. The in-home product test was conducted in Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. Consumers (n = 2,212) evaluated each top sirloin steak for overall like (OLIKE), tenderness (TEND), juiciness (JUIC), flavor desirability (DFLAV), and flavor intensity (IFLAV) using 23-point hedonic scales. Top sirloin steaks, regardless of city, were consistently cooked to well done or higher degrees of doneness. Dry-heat methods such as outdoor grilling, boiling, and indoor grilling were the most frequent cooking methods used. Four significant interactions existed for OLIKE: USDA quality grade x cooking method (P = .02), city x cooking method (P = .0001), city x degree of doneness (P = .01), and cooking method x degree of doneness (P = .009). Greater differences were found between cooking methods within USDA quality grade than between USDA quality grades within cooking method. Consumers in Houston rated steaks cooked by outdoor grilling higher than those from the other cities, and steaks cooked by indoor grilling were rated the highest among all cooking methods by consumers in Chicago. In Chicago, steaks cooked to more advanced degrees of doneness tended to receive higher ratings, but few differences between degrees of doneness in the other three cities were detected. For outdoor grilling, broiling, and pan-frying, the trend was for OLIKE ratings to decline as degree of doneness increased. The lowest customer satisfaction ratings tended to be given to top sirloin steaks cooked to more advanced degrees of doneness, and consumers most frequently cooked steaks to at least the well done stage. Consumer information programs or the development of postmortem techniques that would ensure acceptable palatability of top sirloin steaks may need to be developed.