Test Anxiety and the Hierarchical Model of Approach and Avoidance Achievement Motivation

This research was designed to incorporate the test anxiety (TA) construct into the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation. Hypotheses regarding state and trait TA were tested in 2 studies, and the results provided strong support for the predictions. State TA (specificall...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personality and social psychology 1999-04, Vol.76 (4), p.628-644
Main Authors: Elliot, Andrew J, McGregor, Holly A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Academic achievement
Academic Achievement Motivation
Academic success
Achievement
Affectivity. Emotion
Anxiety
Anxiety - diagnosis
Avoidance
Avoidance Learning
Biological and medical sciences
Cognition
College Students
Educational Measurement
Escape Reaction
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Individual performance
Male
Motivation
Performance Anxiety
Personality. Affectivity
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Social psychology
Test Anxiety
Tests
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Summary:This research was designed to incorporate the test anxiety (TA) construct into the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation. Hypotheses regarding state and trait TA were tested in 2 studies, and the results provided strong support for the predictions. State TA (specifically, worry) was documented as a mediator of the negative relationship between performance-avoidance goals and exam performance. The positive relationship between performance-approach goals and exam performance was shown to be independent of TA processes. A series of analyses documented the conceptual and functional convergence of trait TA and fear of failure (FOF), and further validation of the proposed integration was obtained by testing trait TA/FOF and state TA together in the same model. Mastery goals were positively and performance-avoidance goals negatively related to long-term retention.
ISSN:0022-3514
1939-1315
DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.76.4.628