CRIPTO3, a presumed pseudogene, is expressed in cancer

Cripto is a cell surface protein highly expressed in certain solid tumors, and overexpression of Cripto protein is oncogenic. Cripto-1 protein is encoded by CRIPTO1 gene. CRIPTO3, a presumed pseudogene, has an open reading frame with six amino acid differences from Cripto-1. We show that CRIPTO3 mRN...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2008-12, Vol.377 (1), p.215-220
Main Authors: Sun, Chao, Orozco, Olivia, Olson, Dian L., Choi, Eugene, Garber, Ellen, Tizard, Rich, Szak, Suzanne, Sanicola, Michele, Carulli, John P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Cancer
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics
CRIPTO
Epidermal Growth Factor - genetics
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genes, Neoplasm
GPI-Linked Proteins
Humans
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics
Molecular Sequence Data
Neoplasm Proteins - genetics
Neoplasms - genetics
Pseudogenes
Retrogene
RT-PCR
TDGF
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Cripto is a cell surface protein highly expressed in certain solid tumors, and overexpression of Cripto protein is oncogenic. Cripto-1 protein is encoded by CRIPTO1 gene. CRIPTO3, a presumed pseudogene, has an open reading frame with six amino acid differences from Cripto-1. We show that CRIPTO3 mRNA is the CRIPTO message expressed in many cancer samples. A CRIPTO3 SAGE tag was found in several cancer SAGE libraries, while the CRIPTO1 tag was found in ES cell libraries. In vitro experiments indicate both Cripto-1 and Cripto-3 proteins are functional in the Nodal-dependent signal pathway. Our data indicate that CRIPTO3 is an expressed gene, particularly in certain cancers, and suggest a potentially novel mechanism of oncogenesis through activation of a retrogene.
ISSN:0006-291X
1090-2104
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.113