Effects of hormone therapy with estrogen and/or progesterone on sleep pattern in postmenopausal women

• Published in: International journal of gynecology and obstetrics 2008-12, Vol.103 (3), p.207-212
• Main Authors: Hachul, Helena, Bittencourt, Lia R.A, Andersen, Monica L, Haidar, Mauro A, Baracat, Edmund C, Tufik, Sergio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Cognition Disorders - drug therapy; Double-Blind Method; Estrogen; Estrogens - administration & dosage; Estrogens - pharmacology; Estrogens - therapeutic use; Female; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hormone; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Hot Flashes - drug therapy; Humans; Medical sciences; Menopause; Middle Aged; Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome - drug therapy; Obstetrics and Gynecology; Periodic limb movements; Polysomnography; Postmenopause - drug effects; Postmenopause - physiology; Prevalence; Progesterone; Progesterone - administration & dosage; Progesterone - pharmacology; Progesterone - therapeutic use; Progestins - administration & dosage; Progestins - pharmacology; Progestins - therapeutic use; Prospective Studies; Sleep; Sleep - drug effects; Sleep Wake Disorders - drug therapy; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0020-7292; 1879-3479
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.07.009

Abstract Objective To investigate the effects of estrogen and progesterone on sleep in postmenopausal women. Method The 33 participants were randomly assigned to an estrogen or placebo group after undergoing clinical and hormonal assessments and a polysomnogram, and they underwent the same tests again after 12 weeks. Then, while still taking estrogen or placebo, they all received progesterone for another 12 weeks and underwent a final polysomnogram. Results Estrogen plus progesterone was more effective than estrogen alone in decreasing the prevalence of periodic limb movement (PLM) (8.1% vs 2.8%), hot flashes (14.2% vs 0%), and bruxism (11.1% vs 0%) at night, or somnolence and attention difficulty during the day. The prevalences of breathing irregularities, arousal from sleep, anxiety, and memory impairment were decreased in both groups following progesterone treatment. Conclusion While not significantly affecting sleep quality, hormone therapy decreased the prevalence of arousal in both groups and that of PLM in the group treated with estrogen plus progesterone.