Effectiveness of 3-Day Amoxycillin vs. 5-Day Co-trimoxazole in the Treatment of Non-severe Pneumonia in Children Aged 2–59 Months of Age: A Multi-centric Open Labeled Trial

This cluster randomized, open labeled trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of 3 days of oral amoxycillin and 5 days of co-trimoxazole treatment in terms of clinical failure in children with World Health Organization (WHO) defined non-severe pneumonia in primary health centers in rural In...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of tropical pediatrics (1980) 2008-12, Vol.54 (6), p.382-389
Main Authors: Awasthi, Shally, Agarwal, Girdhar, Singh, J. V., Kabra, S. K., Pillai, R. M., Singhi, Sunit, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, Dwivedi, Rashmi, More, Vaishali B., Kulkarni, Madhuri, Niswade, A. K., Bharti, Bhavneet, Ambast, Ankur, Dhasmana, Puneet
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Amoxicillin - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Infective Agents - administration & dosage
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Drug Administration Schedule
Female
General aspects
Humans
India
Infant
Male
Medical sciences
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pneumology
Pneumonia - drug therapy
Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases
Rural Population
Treatment Outcome
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - administration & dosage
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Summary:This cluster randomized, open labeled trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of 3 days of oral amoxycillin and 5 days of co-trimoxazole treatment in terms of clinical failure in children with World Health Organization (WHO) defined non-severe pneumonia in primary health centers in rural India. Participants were children aged 2–59 months with WHO defined non-severe pneumonia, with or without wheeze, who were accessible to follow up. From seven primary health centers in each arm, 2009 cases were randomized, 993 and 1016 in treatment with amoxycillin and co-trimoxazole, respectively. Fever was present in 1247 (62.1%) and wheeze in 443 (22.1%). There was good adherence and low loss to follow-up. Clinical failure on amoxycillin and co-trimoxazole on intention to treat analysis was 137 and 97, respectively (absolute difference = 0.04, 95% confidence interval: − 0.035–0.12). We conclude that there was no difference in effectiveness of oral co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin in treating non-severe pneumonia.
ISSN:0142-6338
1465-3664
DOI:10.1093/tropej/fmn050