Transmission of iridovirus from freshwater ornamental fish (pearl gourami) to marine fish (rock bream)

Freshwater pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri and seawater rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus infected by the iridoviruses PGIV-SP and IVS-1 were carrying similar numbers of viral particles (2.52 x 10(8) and 2.46 x 10(8) viral genome copies mg(-1) spleen tissue, respectively). The viral genome copy numb...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diseases of aquatic organisms 2008-10, Vol.82 (1), p.27-36
Main Authors: JOON BUM JEONG, HYE JIN CHO, LYU JIN JUN, SU HEE HONG, CHUNG, Joon-Ki, HYUN DO JEONG
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal viral diseases
Animals
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Brackish
Fish Diseases - transmission
Fish Diseases - virology
Fresh Water
Freshwater
Genome, Viral
Infectious diseases
Iridovirus
Iridovirus - genetics
Iridovirus - physiology
Lateolabrax
Marine
Medical sciences
Molecular Sequence Data
Oplegnathus fasciatus
Perciformes - virology
Seawater
Time Factors
Trichogaster leeri
Viral diseases
Virus Diseases - transmission
Virus Diseases - veterinary
Virus Diseases - virology
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Summary:Freshwater pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri and seawater rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus infected by the iridoviruses PGIV-SP and IVS-1 were carrying similar numbers of viral particles (2.52 x 10(8) and 2.46 x 10(8) viral genome copies mg(-1) spleen tissue, respectively). The viral genome copy number for both iridoviruses decreased much faster in seawater than in freshwater, reaching a concentration of less than 0.5%, versus 26 to 54% in freshwater, after 4 d of incubation at 25 degrees C. The decrease in copy number altered the infectivity of the viruses, as reflected by the decreased cumulative mortality of rock bream injected intraperitoneally with the incubated iridoviruses. Moreover, uninfected rock bream cohabitated with PGIV-SP-challenged rock bream showed 100% cumulative mortality; a similar experiment using IVS-1 had the same result, implying the potential for iridoviral transmission from freshwater ornamental fish to marine fish even in a marine environment. Of 58 outwardly healthy marine fish groups collected from various markets, 2 rock bream groups and 1 sea perch group Lateolabrax sp. tested positive for PGIV-SP by 2-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thus, PGIV-SP from freshwater ornamental fish may have crossed both environmental and species barriers to infect marine fish such as rock bream.
ISSN:0177-5103
1616-1580
DOI:10.3354/dao01961