Attentional modulation of short- and long-lead-interval modification of the acoustic startle eyeblink response: comparing auditory and visual prestimuli

Studies in our laboratory have shown that modification of startle by lead stimuli with short- and long-lead-intervals is modulated by stimulus significance. The significant stimulus in a tone duration judgement task generates enhanced short-lead-interval startle inhibition as well as pronounced long...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of psychophysiology 1999-06, Vol.32 (3), p.239-250
Main Authors: Böhmelt, Andreas H, Schell, Anne M, Dawson, Michael E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustic Stimulation
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Attention
Attention - physiology
Auditory
Auditory Perception - physiology
Behavioral psychophysiology
Biological and medical sciences
Blinking - physiology
Cues
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Inhibition (Psychology)
Male
Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychophysics
Reflex, Startle - physiology
Reflexes
Sensory modality
Startle eyeblink reflex
Time Factors
Time Perception - physiology
Visual
Volition - physiology
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Summary:Studies in our laboratory have shown that modification of startle by lead stimuli with short- and long-lead-intervals is modulated by stimulus significance. The significant stimulus in a tone duration judgement task generates enhanced short-lead-interval startle inhibition as well as pronounced long-lead-interval startle facilitation. The present study was designed to compare tones with simple visual stimuli as lead stimuli in a counterbalanced within-subjects design (Experiment I) or between-subjects design (Experiment II). The results show that auditory compared to visual lead stimuli generate more short-lead-interval inhibition but comparable amounts of long-lead-interval startle facilitation, which was significantly enhanced on to-be-attended trials independent of sensory modality. The attentional manipulation did not yield short-lead-interval effects in Experiment I, but previously reported attention effects were replicated in Experiment II. The results suggest early modality effects on startle modification, reflected by the differing levels of inhibition. Late effects of both modality and attention, however, seem to reflect a sensory modality independent process in startle modification.
ISSN:0167-8760
1872-7697
DOI:10.1016/S0167-8760(99)00019-7