Ribavirin in ventilated respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis : A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

We undertook a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to resolve the question of the clinical effectiveness of ribavirin in previously well infants who require ventilation for respiratory distress secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Aerosol ribavirin or NaCl 0....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 1999-09, Vol.160 (3), p.829-834
Main Authors: GUERGUERIAN, A.-M, GAUTHIER, M, LEBEL, M. H, FARRELL, C. A, LACROIX, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Inhalation
Aerosols
Analysis of Variance
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antiviral agents
Antiviral Agents - administration & dosage
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Bronchiolitis - drug therapy
Bronchiolitis - physiopathology
Chi-Square Distribution
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Infant
Male
Medical sciences
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prospective Studies
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - drug therapy
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - physiopathology
ribavirin
Ribavirin - administration & dosage
Ribavirin - therapeutic use
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:We undertook a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to resolve the question of the clinical effectiveness of ribavirin in previously well infants who require ventilation for respiratory distress secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Aerosol ribavirin or NaCl 0.9% was administered within 24 h of initiation of ventilation, 18 h/d, for a maximum of 7 d or until extubation. From March 1994 to March 1997, 42 children were randomized and 41 patients were retained for analysis. Baseline characteristics of each group-ribavirin and placebo (20:21)-were not significantly different with respect to age (62.5 +/- 35.9 versus 62.7 +/- 30.9 d), sex, weight, and length of ventilation pre-aerosol. "Intent to treat" outcome analysis found no significant differences in the length of the following: ventilation (102.16 +/- 65.26 versus 126.28 +/- 78.72 h; p = 0.29), aerosol therapy, stay in the intensive care unit, total oxygen therapy, and hospitalization. The aerosols were well tolerated and no deaths occurred. This trial demonstrates the lack of effectiveness of aerosolized ribavirin in reducing the length of ventilation and course of illness in infants with no underlying illness ventilated for respiratory distress secondary to RSV bronchiolitis.
ISSN:1073-449X
1535-4970
DOI:10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9810013