Biologic Properties and Therapeutic Potential of Glucagon-like Peptide-2

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a 33 amino acid, proglucagon-derived peptide with intestinotrophic activity, is secreted from enteroendocrine cells in the small and large intestine. Methods: This review describes recent advances in our understanding of GLP-2 physiology from rodent exper...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition 1999-09, Vol.23 (5_suppl), p.S98-S100
Main Authors: Drucker, Daniel J., Boushey, Robin P., Feng Wang, Hill, Mary E., Brubaker, Patricia L., Yusta, Bernardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Colitis - drug therapy
Digestive System - drug effects
Digestive System Physiological Phenomena
Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
Glucagon-Like Peptides
Humans
Intestine, Small - drug effects
Intestine, Small - enzymology
Mice
Peptides - physiology
Peptides - therapeutic use
Rats
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Summary:Background: Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a 33 amino acid, proglucagon-derived peptide with intestinotrophic activity, is secreted from enteroendocrine cells in the small and large intestine. Methods: This review describes recent advances in our understanding of GLP-2 physiology from rodent experiments in vivo. Results: GLP-2 administration induces mucosal epithelial proliferation in small and large bowel and stomach. GLP-2 is rapidly degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) to produce the biologically inactive form GLP-2(3-33), however, GLP-2 analogs that confer resistance to DPP-IV exhibit enhanced biologic activity in vivo. GLP-2-treated bowel retains normal to enhanced functional absorptive capacity. Furthermore, GLP-2 infusion prevents total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-associated intestinal hypoplasia, and enhances bowel adaptation and nutrient absorption in rats following small bowel resection. GLP-2 also reverses weight loss and improves histologic and biochemical parameters of disease activity in mice with experimental colitis. Conclusions: GLP-2 is an intestine-derived peptide with intestinotrophic properties that may be therapeutically useful in diseases characterized by intestinal damage or insufficiency. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 23:S98-S100, 1999)
ISSN:0148-6071
1941-2444
DOI:10.1177/014860719902300524