Quantitative Imaging and Sigmoidoscopy to Assess Distribution of Rectal Microbicide Surrogates

Understanding the distribution of microbicide and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within the gastrointestinal tract is critical to development of rectal HIV microbicides. A hydroxyethylcellulose‐based microbicide surrogate or viscosity‐matched semen surrogate, labeled with gadolinium‐DTPA (diethy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 2008-01, Vol.83 (1), p.97-105
Main Authors: Hendrix, C W, Fuchs, E J, Macura, K J, Lee, L A, Parsons, T L, Bakshi, R P, Khan, W A, Guidos, A, Leal, J P, Wahl, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Rectal
Adult
Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-HIV Agents - metabolism
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Anti-Infective Agents, Local - administration & dosage
Anti-Infective Agents, Local - metabolism
Anti-Infective Agents, Local - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Cellulose - administration & dosage
Cellulose - analogs & derivatives
Cellulose - metabolism
Cellulose - therapeutic use
Coitus
Contrast Media
Diagnostic Imaging - methods
Ejaculation
Enema
Feasibility Studies
Gadolinium DTPA - administration & dosage
Gels
HIV Infections - metabolism
HIV Infections - pathology
HIV Infections - prevention & control
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medical sciences
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pilot Projects
Radiopharmaceuticals - administration & dosage
Rectum - metabolism
Rectum - pathology
Semen - metabolism
Sigmoidoscopy
Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid - administration & dosage
Time Factors
Tissue Distribution
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Unsafe Sex
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Summary:Understanding the distribution of microbicide and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within the gastrointestinal tract is critical to development of rectal HIV microbicides. A hydroxyethylcellulose‐based microbicide surrogate or viscosity‐matched semen surrogate, labeled with gadolinium‐DTPA (diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) and 99mTechnetium‐sulfur colloid, was administered to three subjects under varying experimental conditions to evaluate effects of enema, coital simulation, and microbicide or semen simulant over 5 h duration. Quantitative assessment used single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging, and sigmoidoscopic sampling. Over 4 h, radiolabel migrated cephalad in all studies by a median (interquartile range) of 50% (29–102%; P
ISSN:0009-9236
1532-6535
DOI:10.1038/sj.clpt.6100236