SOS1 mutations are rare in human malignancies: Implications for Noonan syndrome patients

Germ line gain‐of‐function mutations in several members of the RAS/ERK pathway, including PTPN11, KRAS, and RAF1, cause the autosomal dominant genetic disorder Noonan Syndrome (NS). NS patients are at increased risk of leukemia/myeloproliferative disease and possibly some solid tumors, such as neuro...

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Published in:Genes chromosomes & cancer 2008-03, Vol.47 (3), p.253-259
Main Authors: Swanson, Kenneth D., Winter, Jordan M., Reis, Marcelo, Bentires-Alj, Mohamed, Greulich, Heidi, Grewal, Rupinder, Hruban, Ralph H., Yeo, Charles J., Yassin, Yosuf, Iartchouk, Oleg, Montgomery, Kate, Whitman, Susan P., Caligiuri, Michael A., Loh, Mignon L., Gilliland, D. Gary, Look, A. Thomas, Kucherlapati, Raju, Kern, Scott E., Meyerson, Matthew, Neel, Benjamin G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
DNA, Neoplasm
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Mutation
Neoplasms - etiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Noonan Syndrome - complications
Noonan Syndrome - genetics
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Analysis, DNA
SOS1 Protein - genetics
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Summary:Germ line gain‐of‐function mutations in several members of the RAS/ERK pathway, including PTPN11, KRAS, and RAF1, cause the autosomal dominant genetic disorder Noonan Syndrome (NS). NS patients are at increased risk of leukemia/myeloproliferative disease and possibly some solid tumors, such as neuroblastoma. Recently, SOS1 gain of function mutations have also been shown to cause NS. Somatic PTPN11, KRAS, and RAF1 mutations occur (although at different frequencies) in a variety of sporadic neoplasms, but whether SOS1 mutations are associated with human cancer has not been evaluated. We sequenced DNA from a total of 810 primary malignancies, including pancreatic, lung, breast, and colon carcinomas, and acute myelogenous leukemia, as well as several neuroblastoma cell lines. From this large, diverse series, missense SOS1 mutations were identified in a single pancreatic tumor, one lung adenocarcinoma, and a T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line. Our findings suggest that SOS1 is not a significant human oncogene in most cancers. Furthermore, NS patients with SOS1 mutations may not be at increased risk of developing cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ISSN:1045-2257
1098-2264
DOI:10.1002/gcc.20527