Genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and implications for antidiabetic therapy

Despite major advances in our knowledge of glycemic pathophysiology and the availability of multiple therapeutic options to confront type 2 diabetes, unraveling the complex link between genetic risk and environmental factors in this burgeoning epidemic has proven difficult. Linkage approaches have c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of medicine 2008-01, Vol.59 (1), p.95-111
Main Authors: Moore, Allan F, Florez, Jose C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics
Endocrinology
Genes
Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics
Genetics
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Pathology
Pharmacogenetics
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Summary:Despite major advances in our knowledge of glycemic pathophysiology and the availability of multiple therapeutic options to confront type 2 diabetes, unraveling the complex link between genetic risk and environmental factors in this burgeoning epidemic has proven difficult. Linkage approaches have clarified the etiology of monogenic diabetic syndromes and congenital lipodystrophies, and candidate gene association studies have identified a number of common variants implicated in type 2 diabetes. This year we have witnessed the advent of genome-wide association scanning: As many as nine genetic loci have now been reproducibly associated with type 2 diabetes in five genome-wide scans. Of particular interest are preliminary explorations of the connections between genetic risk and pharmacologic response. An improved understanding of genetic mechanisms should allow us to test whether behavioral or pharmacologic therapies can be tailored and thus the tremendous disease burden inflicted by type 2 diabetes alleviated.
ISSN:0066-4219
1545-326X
DOI:10.1146/annurev.med.59.090706.135315