Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections Increase the Risk for Ectopic Pregnancy: A Population-Based, Nested Case–Control Study

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy (EP) has mainly been established through seroepidemiologic cross-sectional studies. Goal: The goal of this study was to obtain EP risk estimates for women diagnosed with CT using women with negative tests as the reference...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sexually transmitted diseases 2007-03, Vol.34 (3), p.166-169
Main Authors: BAKKEN, INGER JOHANNE, SKJELDESTAD, FINN EGIL, NORDBØ, SVEIN ARNE
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the genital system
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Chlamydia
Chlamydia Infections - complications
Chlamydia Infections - diagnosis
Chlamydia Infections - epidemiology
Chlamydia Infections - microbiology
Chlamydia trachomatis
Diagnostic tests
Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy
Editorial
Estimates
Female
General aspects
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Human bacterial diseases
Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Medical disorders
Medical sciences
Pregnancy
Pregnancy, Ectopic - epidemiology
Pregnancy, Ectopic - etiology
Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
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Summary:Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy (EP) has mainly been established through seroepidemiologic cross-sectional studies. Goal: The goal of this study was to obtain EP risk estimates for women diagnosed with CT using women with negative tests as the reference group. Methods: We linked prospectively collected CT laboratory data (1990-2003) to EP hospital data (discharge and outpatient registries) in a nested case-control study. Six hundred sixteen women with CT test(s) before first EP were eligible as cases. Three controls were matched to each case for year of birth, age at first test, and number of prior tests. Results: Previous CT infection was associated with elevated EP risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.0). In stratified analysis, the association was only significant for the youngest women (born 1970-1984) who had a nearly complete CT testing history (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3-3.2). Conclusion: A history of diagnosed CT infection is associated with a 2-fold increased EP risk.
ISSN:0148-5717
1537-4521
DOI:10.1097/01.olq.0000230428.06837.f7